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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >What Is the Contribution of City-Scale Actions to the Overall Food System's Environmental Impacts?: Assessing Water, Greenhouse Gas, and Land Impacts of Future Urban Food Scenarios
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What Is the Contribution of City-Scale Actions to the Overall Food System's Environmental Impacts?: Assessing Water, Greenhouse Gas, and Land Impacts of Future Urban Food Scenarios

机译：城市规模的行动对整个粮食系统的环境影响有何贡献？：评估未来城市粮食情景中的水，温室气体和土地影响

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摘要

This paper develops a methodology for individual cities to use to analyze the in- and trans-boundary water, greenhouse gas (GHG), and land impacts of city-scale food system actions. Applied to Delhi, India, the analysis demonstrates that city-scale action can rival typical food policy interventions that occur at larger scales, although no single city-scale action can rival in all three environmental impacts. In particular, improved food-waste management within the city (7% system-wide GHG reduction) matches the GHG impact of preconsumer trans-boundary food waste reduction. The systems approach is particularly useful in illustrating key trade-offs and co-benefits. For instance, multiple diet shifts that can reduce GHG emissions have trade-offs that increase water and land impacts. Vertical farming technology (VFT) with current applications for fruits and vegetables can provide modest system-wide water (4%) and land reductions (3%), although implementation within the city itself may raise questions of constraints in water-stressed cities, with such a shift in Delhi increasing community-wide direct water use by 16%. Improving the nutrition status for the bottom 50% of the population to the median diet is accompanied by proportionally smaller increases of water, GHG, and land impacts (4%, 9%, and 8%, systemwide): increases that can be offset through simultaneous city-scale actions, e.g., improved food-waste management and VFT.
机译：本文开发了一种方法，供各个城市用来分析城市规模粮食系统行动的跨界水和跨界水，温室气体（GHG）以及土地影响。在印度德里进行的分析表明，城市规模的行动可以与大规模发生的典型食品政策干预措施相媲美，尽管没有任何一个城市规模的措施可以在所有三个环境影响方面相匹敌。尤其是，城市内部改善的食物垃圾管理（系统范围内的GHG减少7％）与消费前跨界食物垃圾减少对GHG的影响相匹配。该系统方法在说明关键的权衡和共同利益时特别有用。例如，可以减少温室气体排放的多种饮食变化需要权衡取舍，从而增加水和土地的影响。目前在水果和蔬菜上应用的垂直耕作技术（VFT）可以在全系统范围内提供适度的用水（4％）和减少的土地使用量（3％），尽管在城市内部实施可能会给缺水城市带来限制的问题，德里的这一转变使整个社区的直接用水量增加了16％。在饮食中位数最低的50％人口中改善营养状况的同时，水，温室气体和土地影响的增加也将按比例减少（全系统分别减少4％，9％和8％）：这些增加可以通过以下方式抵消：同时开展城市规模的行动，例如改善食品废物管理和VFT。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2017年第20期|12035-12045|共11页
  • 作者

    Boyer Dana; Ramaswami Anu;

  • 作者单位

    Center for Science, Technology, and Environmental Policy, Hubert H. Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States;

    Center for Science, Technology, and Environmental Policy, Hubert H. Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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