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Importance of Integration and Implementation of Emerging and Future Mercury Research into the Minamata Convention

机译：将新的和未来的汞研究整合和实施到《水am公约》中的重要性

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摘要

Since the Industrial Revolution, and before, human actions have enhanced the production and emissions of mercury (Hg), as well as climate changing gases (ozone, nitrous oxide, methane, and carbon dioxide). Burning of fossil fuels, mining, and other human activities, have increased the cycling of Hg at the Earth's surface (by at least 200%), increasing human and wildlife exposure. Without abatement of Hg releases, this pattern is expected to continue into the future. Under the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), countries negotiated the Minamata Convention on Mercury, a legally binding agreement intended "to protect human health and the environment from anthropogenic emissions and releases of mercury and mercury compounds" (Article 1 in ref 3). To date, the Convention has 128 signatories. The Convention will enter into force once it is ratified by 50 nations. With the Minamata Convention, global society has a regulatory mechanism to decrease environmental Hg loadings. Together with the reduction of climate changing anthropogenic gases through the Paris Climate Agreement, these global environmental policies should work toward protecting Earth for future generations. In order to achieve such long-term and far-reaching policy goals, it is essential that Hg be managed as a persistent contaminant. Recognizing that once released it actively cycles in the environment for hundreds-to-thousands of years before being buried in sediment.
机译：自工业革命以来及之前，人类的行动提高了汞（Hg）以及气候变化气体（臭氧，一氧化二氮，甲烷和二氧化碳）的产生和排放。化石燃料的燃烧，采矿和其他人类活动，已经增加了地球表面汞的循环（至少增加了200％），从而增加了人类和野生生物的暴露。在不减少汞排放的情况下，这种模式预计将持续到未来。在联合国环境规划署（环境署）的指导下，各国就《水am水Min公约》进行了谈判，这是一项具有法律约束力的协议，旨在“保护人类健康和环境免受人为排放和汞及汞化合物的释放”（参考文献3中的第1条）。迄今为止，《公约》已有128个签署国。该公约将在50个国家批准后生效。根据《水am公约》，全球社会拥有减少环境汞含量的监管机制。这些全球环境政策，连同通过《巴黎气候协定》减少气候变化的人为气体，都应为保护子孙后代而努力。为了实现这种长期和深远的政策目标，必须将汞作为一种持久性污染物进行管理。认识到一旦释放，它就会在环境中循环活跃数十万年，然后才被埋在沉积物中。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2016年第6期|2767-2770|共4页
  • 作者

    Mae Sexauer Gustin; David C. Evers; Michael S. Bank; Chad R. Hammerschmidt; Ashley Pierce; Niladri Basu; Joel Blum; Paco Bustamante; Celia Chen; Charlie T. Driscoll; Milena Horvat; Dan Jaffe; Jozef Pacyna; Nicola Pirrone; Noelle Selin;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, Nevada 895S7, United States;

    Biodiversity Research Institute, 276 Canco Road, Portland, Maine 04103, United States;

    Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 160 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States;

    Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Hwy., Dayton, Ohio 45435, United States;

    Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States;

    Department of Natural Resource Sciences and School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill, University, Montreal, PQ Canada;

    Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States;

    Littoral, Environnement et Societes (LIENSs), UMR 7266 CNRS-Universite La Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France;

    Dartmouth College, Department of Biological Sciences, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States;

    Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States;

    Department of Environmental Sciences, Jozef Stefan institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia;

    Physical Sciences Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Washington-Bothell, Bothell, Washington 98011-8246, United States;

    Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, 2027 Norway;

    CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Rome, Italy;

    Institute for Data, Systems and Society and Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307 United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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