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Potential for Integrating Diffusion of Innovation Principles into Life Cycle Assessment of Emerging Technologies

机译:将创新原理的扩散整合到新兴技术的生命周期评估中的潜力

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摘要

Life cycle assessment (LCA) measures cradle-to-grave environmental impacts of a product. To assess impacts of an emerging technology, LCA should be coupled with additional methods that estimate how that technology might be deployed. The extent and manner that an emerging technology diffuses throughout a region shapes the magnitude and type of environmental impacts. Difiusion of innovation is an established field of research that analyzes the adoption of new innovations, and its principles can be used to construct scenario models that enhance LCA of emerging technologies. Integrating diffusion modeling techniques with an LCA of emerging technology can provide estimates for the extent of market penetration, the displacement of existing systems, and the rate of adoption. Two general perspectives of application are macro-level difiusion models that use a function of time to represent adoption, and microlevel difiusion models that simulate adoption through interactions of individuals. Incorporating difiusion of innovation concepts complement existing methods within LCA to inform proactive environmental management of emerging technologies.
机译:生命周期评估(LCA)衡量产品从摇篮到坟墓的环境影响。为了评估新兴技术的影响,LCA应该与其他方法结合起来,以估算该技术的部署方式。新兴技术在整个地区的传播程度和方式决定了环境影响的程度和类型。创新的扩散是一个已建立的研究领域,可以分析采用新创新的情况,其原理可用于构建情景模型,以增强新兴技术的LCA。将扩散建模技术与新兴技术的LCA集成在一起,可以估算出市场渗透程度,现有系统的位移和采用率。应用程序的两个一般观点是使用时间函数表示采用的宏观级别扩散模型,以及通过个人交互模拟采用的微观级别扩散模型。引入创新概念的扩散补充了LCA中现有的方法,从而为新兴技术的主动环境管理提供了信息。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2016年第6期|2771-2781|共11页
  • 作者单位

    Department of Mathematical Sciences, Clemson University, Martin Hall 220 Parkway Drive, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0975, United States;

    School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Dana Building 440 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1041, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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