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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Extensive Dark Biological Production of Reactive Oxygen Species in Brackish and Freshwater Ponds
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Extensive Dark Biological Production of Reactive Oxygen Species in Brackish and Freshwater Ponds

机译：淡水和淡水池塘中活性氧种类的大量暗生物生产

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摘要

Within natural waters, photodependent processes are generally considered the predominant source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), a suite of biogeochemically important molecules. However, recent discoveries of dark particle-associated ROS production in aquatic environments and extracellular ROS production by various microorganisms point to biological activity as a significant source of ROS in the absence of light. Thus, the objective of this study was to explore the occurrence of dark biological production of the ROS superoxide (O_2~-) and hydrogen peroxide (H_2O_2) in brackish and freshwater ponds. Here we show that the ROS superoxide and hydrogen peroxide were present in dark waters at comparable concentrations as in sunlit waters. This suggests that, at least for the short-lived superoxide species, light-independent processes were an important control on ROS levels in these natural waters. Indeed, we demonstrated that dark biological production of ROS extensively occurred in brackish and freshwater environments, with greater dark ROS production rates generally observed in the aphotic relative to the photic zone. Filtering and formaldehyde inhibition confirmed the biological nature of a majority of this dark ROS production, which likely involved phytoplankton, particle-associated heterotrophic bacteria, and NADH-oxidizing enzymes. We conclude that biological ROS production is widespread, including regions devoid of light, thereby expanding the relevance of these reactive molecules to all regions of our oxygenated global habit.
机译：在天然水域中，通常认为光依赖性过程是活性氧（ROS）的主要来源，ROS是一组生物地球化学上重要的分子。但是，最近发现的在水生环境中与暗颗粒相关的ROS产生以及各种微生物产生的细胞外ROS的现象表明，在没有光照的情况下，生物学活性是ROS的重要来源。因此，本研究的目的是探讨淡水和淡水池塘中ROS超氧化物（O_2〜-）和过氧化氢（H_2O_2）的黑暗生物产生。在这里，我们证明了ROS超氧化物和过氧化氢在暗水中的浓度与在日照水中的浓度相当。这表明，至少对于短暂的超氧化物类而言，光独立的过程是这些天然水中ROS水平的重要控制因素。的确，我们证明了在淡咸水和淡水环境中广泛地发生了ROS的暗生物产生，通常在无光层中相对于光区有更高的暗ROS产生速率。过滤和甲醛抑制证实了这种深色ROS产物的大部分生物学特性，其中可能涉及浮游植物，与颗粒相关的异养细菌和NADH氧化酶。我们得出的结论是，生物ROS的产生是广泛的，包括没有光的区域，从而将这些反应性分子与我们氧化的全球习惯的所有区域的相关性扩大。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2016年第6期|2983-2993|共11页
  • 作者

    Tong Zhang; Colleen M. Hansel; Bettina M. Voelker; Carl H. Lamborg;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, United States;

    Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, United States;

    Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States;

    Department of Ocean Sciences, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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