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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >International Airport Impacts to Air Quality: Size and Related Properties of Large Increases in Ultrafine Particle Number Concentrations
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International Airport Impacts to Air Quality: Size and Related Properties of Large Increases in Ultrafine Particle Number Concentrations

机译：国际机场对空气质量的影响：超细颗粒物浓度大幅增加的大小和相关特性

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摘要

We measured particle size distributions and spatial patterns of particle number (PN) and particle surface area concentrations downwind from the Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) where large increases (over local background) in PN concentrations routinely extended 18 km downwind. These elevations were mostly comprised of ultrafine particles smaller than 40 nm. For a given downwind distance, the greatest increases in PN concentrations, along with the smallest mean sizes, were detected at locations under the landing jet trajectories. The smaller size of particles in the impacted area, as compared to the ambient urban aerosol, increased calculated lung deposition fractions to 0.7-0.8 from 0.5-0.7. A diffusion charging instrument (DiSCMini), that simulates alveolar lung deposition, measured a fivefold increase in alveolar-lung deposited surface area concentrations 2-3 km downwind from the airport (over local background), decreasing steadily to a twofold increase 18 km downwind These ratios (elevated lung-deposited surface area over background) were lower than the corresponding ratios for elevated PN concentrations, which decreased from tenfold to twofold over the same distance, but the spatial patterns of elevated concentrations were similar. It appears that PN concentration can serve as a nonlinear proxy for lung deposited surface area downwind of major airports.
机译：我们测量了洛杉矶国际机场（LAX）顺风向的颗粒尺寸分布和颗粒数（PN）和颗粒表面积浓度的空间格局，那里PN浓度的增加（在局部背景下）通常沿顺风向延长18 km。这些凸起主要由小于40 nm的超细颗粒组成。对于给定的顺风距离，在着陆喷射轨迹下方的位置检测到PN浓度的最大增加以及最小的平均尺寸。与周围城市气溶胶相比，受灾区域中较小的颗粒尺寸使计算出的肺部沉积分数从0.5-0.7增加到0.7-0.8。模拟肺泡肺部沉积的扩散充电仪器（DiSCMini）测量了在距机场下风2-3公里处（在本地背景下）的肺泡肺沉积表面积浓度增加了五倍，在下风18公里处稳定下降至两倍。比率（肺沉积表面积相对于背景的升高）低于PN浓度升高的相应比率，该比率在相同距离上从10倍减少到2倍，但升高浓度的空间模式相似。似乎PN浓度可以作为主要机场顺风区域肺沉积表面积的非线性替代。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2016年第7期|3362-3370|共9页
  • 作者

    N. Hudda; S. A. Fruin;

  • 作者单位

    Keck School of Medicine, Environmental Health Division, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, United States;

    Keck School of Medicine, Environmental Health Division, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, United States,Department of Preventive Medicine, Environmental Health Sciences, University of Southern California, 2001 North Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9013, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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