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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >High-Mileage Light-Duty Fleet Vehicle Emissions: Their Potentially Overlooked Importance
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High-Mileage Light-Duty Fleet Vehicle Emissions: Their Potentially Overlooked Importance

机译：高里程轻型车队排放物：其潜在的被忽视的重要性

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摘要

State and local agencies in the United States use activity-based computer models to estimate mobile source emissions for inventories. These models generally assume that vehicle activity levels are uniform across all of the vehicle emission level classifications using the same age-adjusted travel fractions. Recent fuel-specific emission measurements from the SeaTac Airport, Los Angeles, and multi-year measurements in the Chicago area suggest that some high-mileage fleets are responsible for a disproportionate share of the fleet's emissions. Hybrid taxis at the airport show large increases in carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, and oxide of nitrogen emissions in their fourth year when compared to similar vehicles from the general population. Ammonia emissions from the airport shuttle vans indicate that catalyst reduction capability begins to wane after 5-6 years, 3 times faster than is observed in the general population, indicating accelerated aging. In Chicago, the observed, on-road taxi fleet also had significantly higher emissions and an emissions share that was more than double their fleet representation. When compounded by their expected higher than average mileage accumulation, we estimate that these small fleets (＜1% of total) may be overlooked as a significant emission source (＞2-5% of fleet emissions).
机译：美国的州和地方机构使用基于活动的计算机模型来估算清单的移动源排放量。这些模型通常假定使用相同的年龄调整后的行驶分数，在所有车辆排放水平分类中，车辆活动水平是一致的。洛杉矶SeaTac机场最近进行的燃料特定排放量测量以及芝加哥地区的多年测量结果表明，一些高里程的机队在机队排放中所占比例不成比例。与普通大众的同类车辆相比，该机场的混合出租车在第四年的一氧化碳，碳氢化合物和氮氧化物的排放量大幅增加。机场穿梭货车的氨气排放表明，催化剂的还原能力在5-6年后开始减弱，比一般人群观察到的快3倍，表明老化加速。在芝加哥，观察到的公路出租车车队的排放量也高很多，排放份额是车队数量的两倍以上。加上预期的高于平均里程累积的复合值，我们估计这些小型车队（占总数的不到1％）可能会被忽略为重要的排放源（占车队排放量的2-5％）。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2016年第10期|5405-5411|共7页
  • 作者

    Gary A. Bishop; Donald H. Stedman; Daniel A. Burgard; Oscar Atkinson;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80208, United States;

    Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80208, United States;

    Department of Chemistry, University of Puget Sound, Tacoma, Washington 98416, United States;

    Department of Chemistry, University of Puget Sound, Tacoma, Washington 98416, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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