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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Silver Nanoparticles Entering Soils via the Wastewater-Sludge-Soil Pathway Pose Low Risk to Plants but Elevated Cl Concentrations Increase Ag Bioavailability
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Silver Nanoparticles Entering Soils via the Wastewater-Sludge-Soil Pathway Pose Low Risk to Plants but Elevated Cl Concentrations Increase Ag Bioavailability

机译:通过废水-污泥-土壤途径进入土壤的银纳米颗粒对植物的风险较低,但Cl浓度升高会提高银的生物利用度

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摘要

The widespread use of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) results in their movement into wastewater treatment facilities and subsequently to agricultural soils via application of contaminated sludge. On-route, the chemical properties of Ag may change, and further alterations are possible upon entry to soil. In the present study, we examined the long-term stability and (bio)availability of Ag along the "wastewater-sludge-soil" pathway. Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) revealed that ca. 99% of Ag added to the sludge reactors as either Ag-NPs or AgNO_3 was retained in sludge, with ≥79% of this being transformed to Ag_2S, with the majority (≥87%) remaining in this form even after introduction to soils at various pH values and Cl concentrations for up to 400 days. Diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT), chemical extraction, and plant uptake experiments indicated that the potential (bio)availability of Ag in soil was low but increased markedly in soils with elevated Cl, likely due to the formation of soluble AgCl_x complexes in the soil solution. Although high Cl concentrations increased the bioavailability of Ag markedly, plant growth was not reduced in any treatment. Our results indicate that Ag-NPs entering soils through the wastewater-sludge-soil pathway pose low risk to plants due to their conversion to Ag_2S in the wastewater treatment process, although bioavailability may increase in saline soils or when irrigated with high-Cl water.
机译:银纳米颗粒(Ag-NPs)的广泛使用导致它们进入废水处理设施,然后通过施加污染的污泥进入农业土壤。途中,Ag的化学性质可能会发生变化,进入土壤后可能会发生进一步变化。在本研究中,我们研究了“废水-污泥-土壤”途径中Ag的长期稳定性和(生物)利用率。基于同步加速器的X射线吸收光谱(XAS)显示,以Ag-NPs或AgNO_3的形式添加到污泥反应器中的Ag中有99%保留在污泥中,其中≥79%的这种转变为Ag_2S,即使在引入土壤中后,大部分(≥87%)仍以这种形式存在各种pH值和Cl浓度长达400天。薄膜(DGT)的扩散梯度,化学提取和植物吸收实验表明,土壤中Ag的潜在(生物)有效性较低,但在Cl含量升高的土壤中则显着增加,这可能是由于土壤中可溶性AgCl_x复合物的形成所致。土壤溶液。尽管高Cl浓度显着提高了Ag的生物利用度,但在任何处理中植物的生长均未降低。我们的结果表明,尽管在盐渍土壤中或在高氯水灌溉下生物利用度可能增加,但通过废水-污泥-土壤途径进入土壤的Ag-NPs在废水处理过程中由于转化为Ag_2S而对植物构成低风险。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2016年第15期|8274-8281|共8页
  • 作者单位

    College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China,School of Agriculture and Food Sciences,The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia;

    School of Agriculture and Food Sciences,The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia;

    School of Agriculture and Food Sciences,The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia;

    Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia;

    School of Agriculture and Food Sciences,The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia;

    Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia;

    Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia;

    Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia;

    CSIRO Land and Water, 41 Boggo Road, Ecosciences Precinct, Dutton Park Queensland 4102, Australia;

    School of Agriculture and Food Sciences,The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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