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Occurrence and Potential Biological Effects of Amphetamine on Stream Communities

机译：苯丙胺对河流群落的发生及潜在的生物学影响

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摘要

The presence of pharmaceuticals, including illicit drugs in aquatic systems, is a topic of environmental significance because of their global occurrence and potential effects on aquatic ecosystems and human health, but few studies have examined the ecological effects of illicit drugs. We conducted a survey of several drug residues, including the potentially illicit drug amphetamine, at 6 stream sites along an urban to rural gradient in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A. We detected numerous drugs, including amphetamine (3 to 630 ng L~(－1)), in all stream sites. We examined the fate and ecological effects of amphetamine on biofilm, seston, and aquatic insect communities in artificial streams exposed to an environmentally relevant concentration (1 μg L~(－1)) of amphetamine. The amphetamine parent compound decreased in the artificial streams from less than 1 μg L~(－1) on day 1 to 0.11 μg L~(－1) on day 22. In artificial streams treated with amphetamine, there was up to 4596 lower biofilm chlorophyll a per ash-free dry mass, 85％ lower biofilm gross primary production, 24％ greater seston ash-free dry mass, and 30％ lower seston community respiration compared to control streams. Exposing streams to amphetamine also changed the composition of bacterial and diatom communities in biofilms at day 21 and increased cumulative dipteran emergence by 65％ and 89％ during the first and third weeks of the experiment, respectively. This study demonstrates that amphetamine and other biologically active drugs are present in urban streams and have the potential to affect both structure and function of stream communities.
机译：包括非法药物在内的各种药物在水生系统中的存在是具有环境意义的主题，因为它们在全球范围内广泛存在，并且对水生生态系统和人类健康具有潜在影响，但很少有研究研究了非法药物的生态影响。我们在美国马里兰州巴尔的摩市从城市到乡村的6个流域对几种药物残留进行了调查，包括潜在的非法药物苯丙胺。我们检测到了多种药物，其中包括苯丙胺（3至630 ng L〜（－1） ），在所有流网站中。我们研究了苯丙胺对暴露于环境相关浓度（1μgL〜（-1））苯丙胺的人工流中生物膜，硒和水生昆虫群落的命运和生态影响。人工流中的苯丙胺母体化合物从第1天的不足1μgL​​〜（－1）减少到第22天的0.11μgL〜（－1），在经苯丙胺处理的人工流中，其生物膜下层多达4596个与对照流相比，每无灰干重的叶绿素a，生物膜总初级生产力降低了85％，无尘无尘的干重增加了24％，以及小肠的群落呼吸降低了30％。在第21天，将溪流暴露于苯丙胺也会改变生物膜中细菌和硅藻群落的组成，并在实验的第一周和第三周分别使累积的二萜产生增加65％和89％。这项研究表明，苯丙胺和其他具有生物活性的药物存在于城市河流中，并有可能影响河流群落的结构和功能。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2016年第17期|9727-9735|共9页
  • 作者

    Sylvia S. Lee; Alexis M. Paspalof; Daniel D. Snow; Erinn K. Richmond; Emma J. Rosi-Marshall; John J. Kelly;

  • 作者单位

    Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, New York, 12545, United States,Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Arlington, Virginia, 22202, United States;

    Water Sciences Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583, United States;

    Water Sciences Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583, United States;

    Water Studies Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia;

    Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, New York, 12545, United States;

    Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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