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A Multimethod Approach for Investigating Algal Toxicity of Platinum Nanoparticles

机译：研究铂纳米颗粒藻毒性的一种多方法方法。

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摘要

The ecotoxicity of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) widely used in for example automotive catalytic converters, is largely unknown. This study employs various characterization techniques and toxicity end points to investigate PtNP toxicity toward the green microalgae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Growth rate inhibition occurred in standard ISO tests (EC_(50) values of 15- 200 mg Pt/L), but also in a double-vial setup, separating cells from PtNPs, thus demonstrating shading as an important artifact for PtNP toxicity. Negligible membrane damage, but substantial oxidative stress was detected at 0.1-80 mg Pt/L in both algal species using flow cytometry. PtNPs caused growth rate inhibition and oxidative stress in P. subcapitata, beyond what was accounted for by dissolved Pt, indicating NP-specific toxicity of PtNPs. Overall, P. subcapitata was found to be more sensitive toward PtNPs and higher body burdens were measured in this species, possibly due to a favored binding of Pt to the polysaccharide-rich cell wall of this algal species. This study highlights the importance of using multimethod approaches in nanoecotoxicological studies to elucidate toxicity mechanisms, influence of NP- interactions with media/organisms, and ultimately to identify artifacts and appropriate end points for NP-ecotoxicity testing.
机译：广泛用于例如汽车催化转化器的铂纳米颗粒（PtNP）的生态毒性在很大程度上尚不清楚。这项研究采用了各种表征技术和毒性终点，以研究PtNP对绿色微藻次生假单胞菌和莱茵衣藻的毒性。生长速率抑制发生在标准ISO测试（EC_（50）值为15- 200 mg Pt / L）中，但也发生在双管瓶设置中，将细胞与PtNPs分开，从而证明阴影是PtNP毒性的重要伪影。使用流式细胞仪检测两种藻类在0.1-80 mg Pt / L时膜损伤可忽略不计，但氧化应激显着。 PtNPs导致人头小球藻的生长速率抑制和氧化应激，超过溶解的Pt所占的比例，表明PtNPs具有NP特异性毒性。总体而言，发现该亚种的次生毕加索氏菌对PtNPs更为敏感，并检测到较高的身体负担，这可能是由于Pt与该藻类富含多糖的细胞壁的有利结合所致。这项研究强调了在纳米生态毒理学研究中使用多种方法阐明毒性机制，NP与介质/生物相互作用的影响以及最终确定伪影和进行NP生态毒性测试的适当终点的重要性。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2016年第19期|10635-10643|共9页
  • 作者

    Sara N. Sorensen; Christian Engelbrekt; Hans-Christian H. Luetzhoft; Javier Jimenez-Lamana; Jafar S. Noon; Fatima A. Alatraktchi; Cristina G. Delgado; Vera I. Slaveykova; Anders Baun;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;

    Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;

    Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;

    Environmental Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Institute F.-A. Forel, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland;

    IPM-Intelligent Pollutant Monitoring, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;

    Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;

    Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;

    Environmental Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Institute F.-A. Forel, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland;

    Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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