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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Using Natural Abundance Radiocarbon To Trace the Flux of Petrocarbon to the Seafloor Following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
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Using Natural Abundance Radiocarbon To Trace the Flux of Petrocarbon to the Seafloor Following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

机译：在深水地平线漏油事故之后，利用自然丰度放射性碳追踪石油碳通量到海底

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摘要

In 2010, the Deepwater Horizon accident released 4.6-6.0 × 10~(11) grams or 4.1 to 4.6 million barrels of fossil petroleum derived carbon (petrocarbon) as oil into the Gulf of Mexico. Natural abundance radiocarbon measurements on surface sediment organic matter in a 2.4 × 10~(10) m~2 deep-water region surrounding the spill site indicate the deposition of a fossil-carbon containing layer that included 1.6 to 2.6 × 10~(10) grams of oil-derived carbon. This quantity represents between 0.5 to 9.1% of the released petrocarbon, with a best estimate of 3.0-4.9%. These values may be lower limit estimates of the fraction of the oil that was deposited on the seafloor because they focus on a limited mostly deep-water area of the Gulf, include a conservative estimate of thickness of the depositional layer, and use an average background or prespill radiocarbon value for sedimentary organic carbon that produces a conservative value. A similar approach using hopane tracer estimated that 4-31% of 2 million barrels of oil that stayed in the deep sea settled on the bottom. Converting that to a percentage of the total oil that entered into the environment (to which we normalized our estimate) converts this range to 1.8 to 14.4%. Although extrapolated over a larger area, our independent estimate produced similar values.
机译：2010年，“深水地平线”事故向墨西哥湾释放了4.6-6.0×10〜（11）克或4.1至460万桶的化石石油衍生碳（石油）。在溢油点周围2.4×10〜（10）m〜2深水区域中对表面沉积物有机物的自然丰度放射性碳测量表明，含1.6至2.6×10〜（10）的含化石碳层的沉积克石油衍生的碳。此数量占所释放石油碳的0.5％至9.1％，最佳估计值为3.0-4.9％。这些值可能是对沉积在海底的石油馏分的下限估计值，因为它们关注的是墨西哥湾有限的大部分深水区域，包括对沉积层厚度的保守估计，并使用平均背景或产生溢出值的沉淀有机碳的保守值。一种类似的使用r烷示踪剂的方法估计，留在深海中的200万桶石油中有4-31％位于底部。将其转换为进入环境的总油量的百分比（我们将估计值标准化后的百分比）可以将该范围转换为1.8％至14.4％。尽管推断范围较大，但我们的独立估计得出的值相似。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2015年第2期|847-854|共8页
  • 作者

    Jeffrey Chanton; Tingting Zhao; Brad E. Rosenheim; Samantha Joye; Samantha Bosnian; Charlotte Brunner; Kevin M. Yeager; Arne R. Diercks; David Hollander;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4320, United States;

    Department of Geography, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States;

    College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, 140 Seventh Avenue South, St. Petersburg, Florida 33701, United States;

    Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States;

    Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4320, United States;

    Department of Marine Science, University of Southern Mississippi, John C. Stennis Space Center, Mississippi 39529, United States;

    Department of Marine Science, University of Southern Mississippi, John C. Stennis Space Center, Mississippi 39529, United States,Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States;

    UM Field Station, University of Southern Mississippi, Abbeville, Mississippi 38601, United States;

    College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, 140 Seventh Avenue South, St. Petersburg, Florida 33701, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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