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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Measurement of NO_x Fluxes from a Tall Tower in Central London, UK and Comparison with Emissions Inventories
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Measurement of NO_x Fluxes from a Tall Tower in Central London, UK and Comparison with Emissions Inventories

机译:英国伦敦市中心高塔中NO_x通量的测量及其与排放清单的比较

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摘要

Direct measurements of NO_x concentration and flux were made from a tall tower in central London, UK as part of the Clean Air for London (ClearfLo) project. Fast time resolution (10 Hz) NO and NO_2 concentrations were measured and combined with fast vertical wind measurements to provide top-down flux estimates using the eddy covariance technique. Measured NO_x fluxes were usually positive and ranged from close to zero at night to 2000-8000 ng m~(-2) s~(-1) during the day. Peak fluxes were usually observed in the morning, coincident with the maximum traffic flow. Measurements of the NO_x flux have been scaled and compared to the UK National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory (NAEI) estimate of NO_x emission for the measurement footprint. The measurements are on average 80% higher than the NAEI emission inventory for all of London. Observations made in westerly airflow (from parts of London where traffic is a smaller fraction of the NO_x source) showed a better agreement on average with the inventory. The observations suggest that the emissions inventory is poorest at estimating NO_x when traffic is the dominant source, in this case from an easterly direction from the BT Tower. Agreement between the measurements and the London Atmospheric Emissions Inventory (LAEI) are better, due to the more explicit treatment of traffic flow by this more detailed inventory. The flux observations support previous tailpipe observations of higher NO_x emitted from the London vehicle diesel fleet than is represented in the NAEI or predicted for several EURO emission control technologies. Higher-than-anticipated vehicle NO_x is likely responsible for the significant discrepancies that exist in London between observed NO_x and long-term NO_x projections.
机译:作为伦敦清洁空气(ClearfLo)项目的一部分,从英国伦敦市中心的一座高塔进行了NO_x浓度和通量的直接测量。测量了快速时间分辨率(10 Hz)的NO和NO_2浓度,并与快速垂直风测量结果结合使用涡流协方差技术提供了自上而下的通量估计值。测得的NO_x通量通常为正,范围从夜间接近零到白天至2000-8000 ng m〜(-2)s〜(-1)。通常在早晨观察到峰值通量,与最大交通流量一致。已对NO_x流量的测量结果进行了缩放,并与英国国家大气排放清单(NAEI)对测量足迹中NO_x排放量的估计进行了比较。这些测量值比整个伦敦的NAEI排放清单平均高80%。在西风气流(来自伦敦的部分地区,流量仅占NO_x来源的一小部分)的观测结果显示,平均水平与清单具有更好的一致性。观察结果表明,当交通是主要来源时,排放清单在估算NO_x方面最差,在这种情况下,是从英国电信塔向东的方向。测量值与伦敦大气排放清单(LAEI)之间的一致性更好,这是因为通过更详细的清单对交通流量进行了更明确的处理。通量观测结果支持先前的排气管观测,即伦敦车辆柴油车队排放的NO_x高于NAEI所代表的或几种欧元排放控制技术所预测的。高于预期的车辆NO_x可能是导致伦敦观察到的NO_x与长期NO_x预测之间存在重大差异的原因。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2015年第2期|1025-1034|共10页
  • 作者单位

    Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K.,National Centre for Atmospheric Science and University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K.;

    Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (Edinburgh Research Station), Penicuik EH26 0QB, U.K.;

    Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K.,National Centre for Atmospheric Science and University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K.;

    Environmental Research Group, King's College London, Fourth Floor, Franklin Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London WC2R 2LS, U.K.;

    Environmental Research Group, King's College London, Fourth Floor, Franklin Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London WC2R 2LS, U.K.;

    National Centre for Atmospheric Science and University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K.;

    Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K.,National Centre for Atmospheric Science and University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K.;

    Environmental Research Group, King's College London, Fourth Floor, Franklin Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London WC2R 2LS, U.K.;

    Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K.;

    Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (Edinburgh Research Station), Penicuik EH26 0QB, U.K.;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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