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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Direct Night-Time Ejection of Particle-Phase Reduced Biogenic Sulfur Compounds from the Ocean to the Atmosphere
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Direct Night-Time Ejection of Particle-Phase Reduced Biogenic Sulfur Compounds from the Ocean to the Atmosphere

机译:从海洋到大气的颗粒相还原型生物硫化合物的直接夜间喷射

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摘要

The influence of oceanic biological activity on sea spray aerosol composition, clouds, and climate remains poorly understood. The emission of organic material and gaseous dimethyl sulfide (DMS) from the ocean represents well-documented biogenic processes that influence particle chemistry in marine environments. However, the direct emission of particle-phase biogenic sulfur from the ocean remains largely unexplored. Here we present measurements of ocean-derived particles containing reduced sulfur, detected as elemental sulfur ions (e.g., ~(32)S~+, ~(64)S_2~+), in seven different marine environments using real-time, single particle mass spectrometry; these particles have not been detected outside of the marine environment. These reduced sulfur compounds were associated with primary marine particle types and wind speeds typically between 5 and 10 m/s suggesting that these particles themselves are a primary emission. In studies with measurements of seawater properties, chlorophyll-α and atmospheric DMS concentrations were typically elevated in these same locations suggesting a biogenic source for these sulfur-containing particles. Interestingly, these sulfur-containing particles only appeared at night, likely due to rapid photochemical destruction during the daytime, and comprised up to ~67% of the aerosol number fraction, particularly in the supermicrometer size range. These sulrur-containing particles were detected along the California coast, across the Pacific Ocean, and in the southern Indian Ocean suggesting that these particles represent a globally significant biogenic contribution to the marine aerosol burden.
机译:人们对海洋生物活动对海浪气溶胶成分,云和气候的影响知之甚少。海洋中有机物质和气态二甲基硫醚(DMS)的排放代表了有据可查的生物过程,影响了海洋环境中的颗粒化学。然而,从海洋中直接排放颗粒相生物硫的研究仍很遥远。在这里,我们介绍了在七个不同的海洋环境中使用实时单粒子对包含还原硫的海洋衍生粒子的测量,这些硫被检测为元素硫离子(例如,〜(32)S〜+,〜(64)S_2〜+)。质谱;在海洋环境之外尚未检测到这些颗粒。这些还原的硫化合物与主要海洋颗粒类型有关,风速通常在5至10 m / s之间,这表明这些颗粒本身就是主要排放物。在对海水性质进行测量的研究中,叶绿素-α和大气DMS浓度通常在这些相同的位置升高,表明这些含硫​​颗粒的生物来源。有趣的是,这些含硫颗粒仅在夜间出现,可能是由于白天的快速光化学破坏所致,占气溶胶数量分数的〜67%,尤其是在超微米尺寸范围内。在加利福尼亚海岸,太平洋和印度洋南部发现了这些含硫颗粒,这表明这些颗粒代表了海洋气溶胶负荷的全球重要生物成因。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2015年第8期|4861-4867|共7页
  • 作者单位

    Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla California 92093, United States,Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;

    Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla California 92093, United States,Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8564, Japan;

    Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla California 92093, United States,Thermo Fisher Scientific, 355 River Oaks Parkway, San Jose, CA, 95134, USA;

    Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla California 92093, United States,Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA;

    Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8564, Japan,Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 406-840, Korea;

    Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8564, Japan;

    Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla California 92093, United States,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla California 92093, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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