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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Wildfire Altering Terrestrial Precursors of Disinfection Byproducts in Forest Detritus
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Wildfire Altering Terrestrial Precursors of Disinfection Byproducts in Forest Detritus

机译：森林碎屑的野火改变地面消毒副产物的前体

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摘要

Wildfire occurrence and intensity are increasing worldwide causing severe disturbances to forest watersheds used for potable water supply. The effects of wildfire on drinking water quality are not well understood, especially in terms of terrestrial dissolved organic matter (DOM) and DOM-associated formation of disinfection byproducts (DBP). As the forest floor layer is a major source of terrestrial DOM, we investigated characteristics and DBP formation of water extractable organic matter (WEOM) from the 0-5 cm depth of nonburned detritus (control) and burned detritus with black ash (moderate severity) and white ash (high severity) associated with the 2013 Rim Fire in California. Spectroscopic results suggested that the aromaticity of WEOM followed white ash ＞ control ＞ black ash and fluorescence region Ⅱ (excitation 220-250 nm; emission 330-380 nm) of the emission-excitation-matrix was identified as a potential bum severity indicator. Compared to the control, WEOM from white and black ashes had lower reactivity in forming trihalomethanes (55%-of-control) and haloacetic acids (67%-of-control), but higher reactivity in forming the more carcinogenic haloacetonitrile after chlorination (244%-of-control) and N-nitrosodimethylamine after chloramination (229%-of-control). There was no change in reactivity for chloral hydrate formation, while WEOM from black ash showed a higher reactivity for haloketone formation (150%-of-control). Because wildfire consumed a large portion of organic matter from the detritus layer, there was lower water extractable organic carbon (27%-of-control) and organic nitrogen (19%-of-control) yields in ashes. Consequently, the wildfire caused an overall reduction in water extractable terrestrial DBP precursor yield from detritus materials.
机译：全球野火的发生和强度正在增加，对用于饮用水供应的森林流域造成了严重干扰。野火对饮用水质量的影响尚未得到很好的了解，尤其是在陆地溶解有机物（DOM）和与DOM相关的消毒副产物（DBP）形成方面。由于森林表层是陆地DOM的主要来源，因此我们研究了0-5 cm深度的未燃烧碎屑（对照）和带有黑灰的燃烧碎屑（严重程度为中等）的水可提取有机物（WEOM）的特征和DBP形成和白灰（严重程度较高）与2013年加利福尼亚的环网大火相关。光谱结果表明，WEOM的芳香性遵循白灰＞对照＞黑灰，发光激发矩阵的荧光区域Ⅱ（激发220-250 nm；发射330-380 nm）被确定为潜在的烧伤严重程度指标。与对照相比，白灰和黑灰的WEOM在形成三卤代甲烷（对比例为55％）和卤代乙酸（对比例为67％）时具有较低的反应性，但在氯化后形成更具致癌性的卤乙腈中却具有较高的反应性（244）对照）和N-亚硝基二甲胺加氯后（对照的229％）。对水合氯醛形成的反应性没有变化，而来自黑灰的WEOM对卤代酮的形成显示出更高的反应性（对照的150％）。由于野火消耗了碎屑层中的大部分有机物，因此灰烬中水可提取的有机碳（控制量的27％）和有机氮（控制量的19％）的产量较低。因此，野火导致碎屑材料可水提取的陆地DBP前体产量整体下降。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2015年第10期|5921-5929|共9页
  • 作者

    Jun-Jian Wang; Randy A. Dahlgren; Mahmut S. Ersan; Tanju Karanfil; Alex T. Chow;

  • 作者单位

    Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology and Forest Science, Clemson University, Georgetown, South Carolina 29442, United States;

    Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California-Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States;

    Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, South Carolina 29625, United States;

    Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, South Carolina 29625, United States;

    Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology and Forest Science, Clemson University, Georgetown, South Carolina 29442, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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