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Temperature Distribution within a Cold Cap during Nuclear Waste Vitrification

机译：核废料玻璃化过程中冷帽内的温度分布

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摘要

The kinetics of the feed-to-glass conversion affects the waste vitrification rate in an electric glass melter. The primary area of interest in this conversion process is the cold cap, a layer of reacting feed on top of the molten glass. The work presented here provides an experimental determination of the temperature distribution within the cold cap. Because direct measurement of the temperature field within the cold cap is impracticable, an indirect method was developed in which the textural features in a laboratory-made cold cap with a simulated high-level waste feed were mapped as a function of position using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The temperature distribution within the cold cap was established by correlating microstructures of cold-cap regions with heat-treated feed samples of nearly identical structures at known temperatures. This temperature profile was compared with a mathematically simulated profile generated by a cold-cap model that has been developed to assess the rate of glass production in a melter.
机译：进料到玻璃转化的动力学影响电动玻璃熔炉中废料的玻璃化率。此转换过程中主要关注的领域是冷盖，即在熔融玻璃顶部的一层反应进料。这里介绍的工作提供了冷帽内温度分布的实验确定。由于无法直接测量冷帽内部的温度场，因此开发了一种间接方法，其中使用光学显微镜将带有模拟高放废物进料的实验室制冷帽的组织特征映射为位置的函数，扫描电子显微镜，能量分散光谱和X射线衍射。冷帽内的温度分布是通过将冷帽区域的微观结构与在已知温度下几乎相同结构的热处理进料样品建立关联而建立的。将该温度曲线与由冷盖模型生成的数学模拟轮廓进行比较，该模型已开发用于评估熔炉中玻璃的生产率。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2015年第14期|8856-8863|共8页
  • 作者

    Derek R. Dixon; Michael J. Schweiger; Brian J. Riley; Richard Pokorny; Pavel Hrma;

  • 作者单位

    Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States;

    Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States;

    Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States;

    Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic;

    Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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