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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Combining Ballast Water Exchange and Treatment To Maximize Prevention of Species Introductions to Freshwater Ecosystems
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Combining Ballast Water Exchange and Treatment To Maximize Prevention of Species Introductions to Freshwater Ecosystems

机译：结合压载水交换和处理，以最大程度地防止淡水生态系统物种的引进

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摘要

The most effective way to manage species transfers is to prevent their introduction via vector regulation. Soon, international ships will be required to meet numeric ballast discharge standards using ballast water treatment (BWT) systems, and ballast water exchange (BWE), currently required by several countries, will be phased out. However, there are concerns that BWT systems may not function reliably in fresh and/or turbid water. A land-based evaluation of simulated "BWE plus BWT" versus "BWT alone" demonstrated potential benefits of combining BWE with BWT for protection of freshwater ecosystems. We conducted ship-based testing to compare the efficacy of "BWE plus BWT" versus "BWT alone" on voyages starting with freshwater ballast. We tested the hypotheses that there is an additional effect of "BWE plus BWT" compared to "BWT alone" on the reduction of plankton, and that taxa remaining after "BWE plus BWT" will be marine (low risk for establishment at freshwater recipient ports). Our study found that BWE has significant additional effect on the reduction of plankton, and this effect increases with initial abundance. As per expectations, "BWT alone" tanks contained higher risk freshwater or euryhaline taxa at discharge, while "BWE plus BWT" tanks contained mostly lower risk marine taxa unlikely to survive in recipient freshwater ecosystems.
机译：管理物种转移的最有效方法是防止通过媒介调控将其引入。很快，国际船舶将被要求使用压载水处理（BWT）系统满足压载水排放标准，并且将逐步淘汰目前多个国家/地区要求的压载水交换（BWE）。然而，令人担忧的是，BWT系统在淡水和/或浑浊的水中可能无法可靠地运行。对“ BWE加BWT”和“单独BWT”的模拟进行的陆基评估表明，将BWE与BWT结合使用对于保护淡水生态系统具有潜在的好处。我们进行了基于船的测试，以比较“ BWE加BWT”与“单独BWT”在淡水压载开始的航行中的功效。我们测试了以下假设：与单独使用BWT相比，“ BWE + BWT”对减少浮游生物具有额外的影响，并且“ BWE + BWT”之后剩余的分类单元将是海洋生物（在淡水接收港建立的风险较低） ）。我们的研究发现，BWE对减少浮游生物具有显着的附加作用，并且这种作用随着初始丰度的增加而增加。按照预期，“单独的BWT”储水箱在排放时含有较高风险的淡水或鱼腥草类群，而“ BWE加BWT”的储罐中则大多含有较低风险的海洋类群，不太可能在接受者的淡水生态系统中生存。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2015年第16期|9566-9573|共8页
  • 作者

    Elizabeta Briski; Stephan Gollasch; Matej David; R. Dallas Linley; Oscar Casas-Monroy; Harshana Rajakaruna; Sarah A. Bailey;

  • 作者单位

    GEOMAR, Helmholtz-Zentrum fur Ozeanforschung Kiel, Dusternbrooker Weg 20, 2410S Kiel, Germany ,Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Burlington, Ontario, L7S 1A1, Canada;

    Gollasch Consulting, Grosse Brunnenstrasse 61, 22763 Hamburg, Germany;

    Matej David Consult, Korte 13e, 6310 Izola, Slovenia;

    Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Burlington, Ontario, L7S 1A1, Canada;

    Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Burlington, Ontario, L7S 1A1, Canada;

    Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Burlington, Ontario, L7S 1A1, Canada;

    Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Burlington, Ontario, L7S 1A1, Canada;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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