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Methane Emissions from United States Natural Gas Gathering and Processing

机译：美国天然气收集和加工产生的甲烷排放

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摘要

New facility-level methane (CH_4) emissions measurements obtained from 114 natural gas gathering facilities and 16 processing plants in 13 U.S. states were combined with facility counts obtained from state and national databases in a Monte Carlo simulation to estimate CH, emissions from U.S. natural gas gathering and processing operations. Total annual CH_4 emissions of 2421 (+245/-237) Gg were estimated for all U.S. gathering and processing operations, which represents a CH_4 loss rate of 0.47% (±0.05%) when normalized by 2012 CH_4 production. Over 90% of those emissions were attributed to normal operation of gathering facilities (1697 +189/-185 Gg) and processing plants (506 +55/-52 Gg), with the balance attributed to gathering pipelines and processing plant routine maintenance and upsets. The median CH_4 emissions estimate for processing plants is a factor of 1.7 lower than the 2012 EPA Greenhouse Gas Inventory (GHGI) estimate, with the difference due largely to fewer reciprocating compressors, and a factor of 3.0 higher than that reported under the EPA Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program. Since gathering operations are currently embedded within the production segment of the EPA GHGI, direct comparison to our results is complicated. However, the study results suggest that CH_4 emissions from gathering are substantially higher than the current EPA GHGI estimate and are equivalent to 30% of the total net CH_4 emissions in the natural gas systems GHGI. Because CH_4 emissions from most gathering facilities are not reported under the current rule and not all source categories are reported for processing plants, the total CH, emissions from gathering and processing reported under the EPA GHGRP (180 Gg) represents only 14% of that tabulated in the EPA GHGI and 7% of that predicted from this study.
机译：从美国13个州的114个天然气收集设施和16个加工厂获得的新设施水平甲烷（CH_4）排放量与在蒙特卡洛模拟中从州和国家数据库获得的设施计数相结合，以估算美国天然气中的CH排放收集和处理操作。据估计，美国所有采集和加工业务的CH_4年度总排放量为2421（+ 245 / -237）Gg，如果按2012年CH_4的产量标准化，则CH_4的损失率为0.47％（±0.05％）。这些排放量的90％以上归因于收集设施（1697 + 189 / -185 Gg）和加工厂（506 + 55 / -52 Gg）的正常运行，其余部分归因于收集管道和加工厂的日常维护和翻修。加工厂的CH_4排放中值估算值比2012年EPA温室气体清单（GHGI）估算值低1.7倍，其差异主要是由于往复式压缩机数量减少，比EPA温室气体报告的排放量高3.0倍。报告程序。由于收集操作目前已嵌入EPA GHGI的生产部门中，因此与我们的结果进行直接比较非常复杂。但是，研究结果表明，收集产生的CH_4排放量大大高于当前EPA GHGI的估算值，相当于天然气系统GHGI中CH_4净排放总量的30％。由于当前法规未报告大多数收集设施的CH_4排放，并且未报告加工厂的所有来源类别，因此EPA GHGRP（180 Gg）报告的总CH，收集和加工的总CH排放仅占列表中的14％在EPA GHGI中，该研究的预测值为7％。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2015年第17期|10718-10727|共10页
  • 作者

    Anthony J. Marchese; Timothy L. Vaughn; Daniel J. Zimmerle; David M. Martinez; Laurie L. Williams; Allen L. Robinson; Austin L. Mitchell; R. Subramanian; Daniel S. Tkacik; Joseph R. Roscioli; Scott C. Herndon;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States;

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States;

    The Energy Institute, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States;

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States;

    Fort Lewis College, Durango, Colorado 81301, United States;

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States;

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States;

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States;

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States;

    Aerodyne Research Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States;

    Aerodyne Research Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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