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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Role of Reverse Divalent Cation Diffusion in Forward Osmosis Biofouling
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Role of Reverse Divalent Cation Diffusion in Forward Osmosis Biofouling

机译：反向二价阳离子扩散在正向渗透生物污损中的作用

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摘要

We investigated the role of reverse divalent cation diffusion in forward osmosis (FO) biofouling. FO biofouling by Pseudonumas acruginosa was simulated using pristine and chlorine-treated thin-film composite poryamide membranes with either MgCl_2 or CaCl_2 draw solution. We related FO biofouling behavior-water flux decline, biofilm architecture, and biofilm composition-to reverse cation difiusion. Experimental remits demonstrated mat reverse calcium diffusion led to significantly more severe water flux decline in comparison with reverse magnesium permeation. Unlike magnesium, reverse calcium permeation dramatically altered the biofilm architecture and composition, where extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) formed a thicker, denser, and more stable biofilm. We propose that FO biofouling was enhanced by complexation of calcium ions to bacterial EPS. This hypothesis was confirmed by dynamic and static light scattering measurements using extracted bacterial EPS with the addition of either MgCl_2 or CaCl_2 solution. We observed a dramatic increase in the hydrodynamic radius of bacterial EPS with the addition of CaCl_2, but no change was observed after addition of MgCl_2. Static light scattering revealed that the radius of gyration of bacterial EPS with addition of CaCl_2 was 20 times larger man mat with the addition of MgCl_2. These observations were further confirmed by transmission electron microscopy imaging, where bacterial EPS in the presence of calcium ions was globular, while that with magnesium ions was rod-shaped.
机译：我们调查了反向二价阳离子扩散在正向渗透（FO）生物污染中的作用。使用质朴和经氯处理的薄膜复合聚丙烯酰胺膜与MgCl_2或CaCl_2汲取溶液对拟真假单胞菌进行FO生物污染进行了模拟。我们将FO生物污染行为（水通量下降，生物膜结构和生物膜组成）与反向阳离子扩散相关联。实验结果表明，与反向镁渗透相比，反向钙扩散会导致更严重的水通量下降。与镁不同，反向钙渗透极大地改变了生物膜的结构和组成，其中细胞外聚合物（EPS）形成了更厚，更致密和更稳定的生物膜。我们建议通过钙离子与细菌EPS的复合作用来增强FO生物污染。通过使用提取的细菌EPS加上MgCl_2或CaCl_2溶液进行动态和静态光散射测量，证实了这一假设。我们观察到，加入CaCl_2后，细菌EPS的流体动力学半径显着增加，但加入MgCl_2后未观察到变化。静态光散射表明，加入CaCl_2的细菌EPS的回转半径是加入MgCl_2的人的20倍。透射电子显微镜成像进一步证实了这些观察结果，其中存在钙离子的细菌EPS呈球形，而带有镁离子的细菌呈棒状。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2015年第22期|13222-13229|共8页
  • 作者

    Ming Xie; Edo Bar-Zeev; Sara M. Hashmi; Long D. Nghiem; Menachem Elimelech;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States ,Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia;

    Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States ,Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben Gurion, 84990, Israel;

    Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States;

    Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia;

    Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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