...
  • 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Contribution of N-Nitrosamines and Their Precursors to Domestic Sewage by Greywaters and Blackwaters
【24h】

Contribution of N-Nitrosamines and Their Precursors to Domestic Sewage by Greywaters and Blackwaters

机译：N-亚硝胺及其前体对灰水和黑水对家庭污水的贡献

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

N-nitrosamines and their precursors are significant concerns for water utilities exploiting wastewater-impacted water supplies, particularly those practicing potable reuse of wastewater. Previous efforts to identify specific precursors in municipal wastewater accounting for N-nitrosamine formation have met with limited success. As an alternative, we quantified the relative importance of greywater (i.e, shower, kitchen sink, bathroom washbasin, and laundry) and blackwater (i.e, urine and feces) streams in terms of their loadings of ambient specific and total N-nitrosamines and chloramine-reactive and ozone-reactive N- nitrosamine precursors to domestic sewage. Accounting for the volume fractions of individual greywater and blackwater streams, laundry water represented the most significant source of N-nitrosamines and their precursors, followed by shower water and urine. Laundry water was particularly important for ozone-reactive N- nitrosamine precursors, accounting for ～99% of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) precursors and ～69% of precursors for other uncharacterized N-nitrosamines. For the other greywater streams, consumer products contributed additional N-nitrosamines and precursors, but the remarkable uniformity across different products suggested the importance of common macroconstituents. The consumption of a standard dose of the antacid ranitidine substantially increased NDMA and its chloramine-reactive precursors in urine. Nevertheless, nearly 40% of the American population would need to consume ranitidine daily to match the NDMA loadings from laundry water.
机译：N-亚硝胺及其前体是水务公司利用废水影响的水供应，特别是那些对废水进行饮用水再利用的水公司的重要关注。先前用于确定城市废水中特定亚硝胺形成的努力的努力取得了有限的成功。作为替代方案，我们根据环境特定和总N-亚硝胺和氯胺的负载量，定量分析了灰水（即淋浴，厨房水槽，浴室洗手盆和衣物）和黑水（即尿液和粪便）的相对重要性反应性和臭氧反应性的N-亚硝胺前体。考虑到各个灰水和黑水流的体积分数，洗衣水是N-亚硝胺及其前体的最重要来源，其次是淋浴水和尿液。洗衣水对臭氧反应性N-亚硝胺前体尤为重要，约占N-亚硝基二甲胺（NDMA）前体的约99％，占其他未表征的N-亚硝胺前体的约69％。对于其他的灰水流，消费产品贡献了额外的N-亚硝胺和前体，但是不同产品之间的显着均匀性表明了常见的大分子成分的重要性。服用标准剂量的抗酸雷尼替丁会大大增加尿液中的NDMA及其对氯胺反应的前体。尽管如此，将近40％的美国人每天需要消耗雷尼替丁，以与洗衣水中的NDMA含量相匹配。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2015年第22期|13158-13167|共10页
  • 作者

    Teng Zeng; William A. Mitch;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 9430S, United States ,National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center for Re-Inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 9430S, United States ,National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center for Re-Inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号