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Decoupling Analysis and Socioeconomic Drivers of Environmental Pressure in China

机译:中国环境压力的解耦分析和社会经济驱动力

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摘要

China's unprecedented change offers a unique opportunity for uncovering relationships between economic growth and environmental pressure. Here we show the trajectories of China's environmental pressure and reveal underlying socioeconomic drivers during 1992-2010. Mining and manufacturing industries are the main contributors to increasing environmental pressure from the producer perspective. Changes in urban household consumption, fixed capital formation, and exports are the main drivers from the consumer perspective. While absolute decoupling is not realized, China has in general achieved relative decoupling between economic growth and environmental pressure. China's decoupling performance has four distinguishable periods, closely aligning with nation-wide major policy adjustments, which indicates significant impact of China's national socioeconomic policies on its environmental pressure. Material intensity change is the main contributor to the mitigation of environmental pressure, except for ammonia nitrogen, solid wastes, aquatic Cu, and aquatic Zn. Production structure change is the largest contributor to mitigate ammonia nitrogen emissions, and final demand structure change is the largest contributor to mitigate emissions of solid wastes, aquatic Cu, and aquatic Zn. We observe materialization trends for China's production structure and final demand structure during 2002-2007. Environmental sustainability can only be achieved by timely technology innovation and changes of production structure and consumption pattern.
机译:中国空前的变革为揭示经济增长与环境压力之间的关系提供了独特的机会。在这里,我们显示了中国环境压力的轨迹,并揭示了1992-2010年间潜在的社会经济驱动力。从生产者的角度来看,采矿和制造业是造成环境压力增加的主要因素。从消费者的角度来看,城市家庭消费,固定资本形成和出口的变化是主要驱动力。尽管没有实现绝对脱钩,但中国总体上实现了经济增长与环境压力之间的相对脱钩。中国的脱钩表现有四个明显的时期,与全国范围内的重大政策调整密切相关,这表明中国的国家社会经济政策对其环境压力产生了重大影响。除了氨氮,固体废物,水生铜和水生锌外,材料强度的变化是减轻环境压力的主要因素。生产结构的改变是减轻氨氮排放的最大贡献者,最终需求的结构改变是减轻固体废物,水生铜和水生锌的排放的最大贡献者。我们观察了2002-2007年间中国生产结构和最终需求结构的物化趋势。只有通过及时的技术创新以及生产结构和消费方式的改变,才能实现环境的可持续性。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2014年第2期|1103-1113|共11页
  • 作者单位

    School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1041, United States,School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;

    Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business and Government, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States,Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;

    Cambridge Centre for Climate Change Mitigation Research, Department of Land Economy, University of Cambridge, 19 Silver Street, Cambridge CB3 9EP, United Kingdom;

    Institute of National Accounts, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;

    School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1041, United States,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2125, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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