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Metal Release from Sandstones under Experimentally and Numerically Simulated CO_2 Leakage Conditions

机译：实验和数值模拟的CO_2泄漏条件下砂岩中的金属释放

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摘要

Leakage of CO_2 from a deep storage formation into an overlying potable aquifer may adversely impact water quality and human health. Understanding CO_2-water-rock interactions is therefore an important step toward the safe implementation of geologic carbon sequestration. This study targeted the geochemical response of siliclastic rock, specifically three sandstones of the Mesaverde Group in northwestern Colorado. To test the hypothesis that carbonate minerals, even when present in very low levels, would be the primary source of metals released into a CO_2-impacted aquifer, two batch experiments were conducted. Samples were reacted for 27 days with water and CO_2 at partial pressures of 0.01 and 1 bar, representing natural background levels and levels expected in an aquifer impacted by a small leakage, respectively. Concentrations of major (e.g., Ca, Mg) and trace (e.g., As, Ba, Cd, Fe, Mn, Pb, Sr, U) elements increased rapidly after CO_2 was introduced into the system, but did not exceed primary Maximum Contaminant Levels set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Results of sequential extraction suggest that carbonate minerals, although volumetrically insignificant in the sandstone samples, are the dominant source of mobile metals. This interpretation is supported by a simple geochemical model, which could simulate observed changes in fluid composition through CO_2-induced calcite and dolomite dissolution.
机译：CO_2从深层存储地层泄漏到上覆的饮用水层中可能会对水质和人体健康产生不利影响。因此，了解CO_2-水-岩石的相互作用是安全实施地质固碳的重要一步。这项研究针对的是硅质碎屑岩，特别是科罗拉多西北部Mesaverde集团的三块砂岩的地球化学响应。为了检验碳酸盐矿物（即使含量很低）仍是释放到受CO_2影响的含水层中的金属的主要来源的假设，进行了两批实验。样品与水和CO_2在0.01和1 bar的分压下反应27天，分别代表自然本底水平和受小渗漏影响的含水层中预期的水平。将CO_2引入系统后，主要元素（例如，Ca，Mg）和痕量元素（例如，As，Ba，Cd，Fe，Mn，Pb，Sr，U）的浓度迅速增加，但未超过主要最大污染物水平由美国环境保护署设定。顺序提取的结果表明，尽管碳酸盐矿物在砂岩样品中的体积微不足道，但仍是移动金属的主要来源。这种解释得到了一个简单的地球化学模型的支持，该模型可以模拟通过CO_2诱导的方解石和白云石溶解而观察到的流体成分变化。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2014年第3期|1436-1442|共7页
  • 作者

    Katie Kirsch; Alexis K. Navarre-Sitchler; Assaf Wunsch; John E. McCray;

  • 作者单位

    Hydrologic Science and Engineering Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States,Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States;

    Hydrologic Science and Engineering Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States,Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States;

    Hydrologic Science and Engineering Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States;

    Hydrologic Science and Engineering Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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