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Climate Change Impacts of Electricity Generated at a Waste-to-Energy Facility

机译：气候变化在垃圾到能源设施产生的电力影响

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摘要

Waste-to-energy (WTE) facilities combust both biogenic and nonbiogenic materials comprising municipal solid waste (MSW) in addition to managing waste, leading to a lack of clarity on the life cycle climate change impact (LCCCI) as an electricity generator. In order to investigate the LCCCI of this resource, a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) of a WTE facility in Jamesville, NY, was performed utilizing system expansion to account for avoided landfilling emissions, additional metals recycling, and the loss of potential electricity generation from landfill gas. The LCCCI of electricity from this WTE facility ranges from 0.664 to 0.951 kg CO_(2eq)/kWh before system expansion, which reduced the impact to -0.280 to 0.593 kg CO_(2eq)/kWh when accounting for avoided waste management emissions. Combustion is the leading contributor of GHG emissions from cradle-to-gate, and sensitivity analysis indicates that the nonbiogenic fraction of the waste most significantly influences the LCCCI before including cobenefits. The fraction of methane from landfills that is not captured is the most influential variable under system expansion. Before system expansion, the LCCCI of this system is comparable to that of electricity from fossil fuels. With system expansion, the LCCCI ranges from below that of renewable energy to comparable to natural gas based electricity. These results disagree with claims in the reviewed literature that WTE can avoid GHG emissions overall, although avoided emissions reduce the magnitude of its impact.
机译：废物到能量（WTE）设施燃烧包括城市固体废物（MSW）的生物和非母性物质，除了管理废物外，导致生命周期气候变化的缺乏清晰度（LCCCI）为电力发电机。为了调查该资源的LCCCI，利用系统扩展来执行Jamesville的WTE设施的摇篮到栅极生命周期评估（LCA），以避免填埋排放，额外的金属回收和损失垃圾填埋气体潜在发电。在系统扩展之前，来自该WTE设施的电力电力的LCCCI为0.664至0.951千克（2EQ）/千瓦时，这将在核算废物管理排放时将其影响降至-0.280至0.593千克CO_（2EQ）/ kWh。燃烧是从摇篮到栅极的温室气体排放的主要贡献者，并且敏感性分析表明，浪费的非母性部分最大程度地影响LCCCI，包括Cobenefits。未捕获的垃圾填埋场的甲烷部分是系统扩展下最具影响力的变量。在系统扩展之前，该系统的LCCCI与来自化石燃料的电力相当。通过系统扩展，LCCCI从低于可再生能源的范围与基于天然气的电力相当。这些结果与所审查的资料里声称不同意WTE能避免温室气体排放量总体来看，虽然避免的排放量减少其影响程度。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2021年第3期|1436-1445|共10页
  • 作者

    Alyssa R.Pfadt-Trilling; Timothy A. Volk; Marie-Odile P. Fortier;

  • 作者单位

    Division of Environmental Science State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry Syracuse New York 13210 United States;

    Department of Sustainable Resources Management State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry Syracuse New York 13210 United States;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California -Merced Merced California 95343 United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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