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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Comparing i-Tree Eco Estimates of Participate Matter Deposition with Leaf and Canopy Measurements in an Urban Mediterranean Holm Oak Forest
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Comparing i-Tree Eco Estimates of Participate Matter Deposition with Leaf and Canopy Measurements in an Urban Mediterranean Holm Oak Forest

机译：将参与物质沉积的I-Tree Eco估计与城市地中海Holm橡木林叶片和冠层测量的I-Tree Eco估计进行比较

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摘要

Trees and urban forests remove paniculate matter (PM) from the air through the deposition of particles on the leaf surface, thus helping to improve air quality and reduce respiratory problems in urban areas. Leaf deposited PM, in turn, is either resuspended back into the atmosphere, washed off during rain events or transported to the ground with Htterfall. The net amount of PM removed depends on crown and leaf characteristics, air pollution concentration, and weather conditions, such as wind speed and precipitation. Many existing deposition models, such as i-Tree Eco, calculate PM_(2.5) removal using a uniform deposition velocity function and resuspension rate for all tree species, which vary based on leaf area and wind speed. However, model results are seldom validated with experimental data. In this study, we compared i-Tree Eco calculations of PM_(2.5) deposition with fluxes determined by eddy covariance assessments (canopy scale) and particulate matter accumulated on leaves derived from measurements of vacuum/filtration technique as well as scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (leaf scale). These investigations were carried out at the Capodimonte Royal Forest in Naples. Modeled and measured fluxes showed good overall agreement, demonstrating that net deposition mostly happened in the first part of the day when atmospheric PM concentration is higher, followed by high resuspension rates in the second part of the day, corresponding with increased wind speeds. The sensitivity analysis of the model parameters showed that a better representation of PM deposition fluxes could be achieved with adjusted deposition velocities. It is also likely that the standard assumption of a complete removal of particulate matter, after precipitation events that exceed the water storage capacity of the canopy (Ps), should be reconsidered to better account for specific leaf traits. These results represent the first validation of i-Tree Eco PM removal with experimental data and are a starting point for improving the model parametrization and the estimate of particulate matter removed by urban trees.
机译：树木和城市森林通过在叶面上沉积颗粒，从空气中除去胰岛素物质（PM），从而有助于提高空气质量，降低城市地区的呼吸问题。叶片倒装下午，又要重新悬浮回大气中，在雨季事件期间洗掉或用HTTERFALL运送到地面。除去的PM净量取决于冠和叶特征，空气污染浓度和天气条件，如风速和沉淀。许多现有的沉积模型，如I-树生态，使用用于所有树种，其变化基于叶面积和风速均匀沉积速度函数和再悬浮率计算PM_（2.5）去除。但是，模型结果很少用实验数据验证。在这项研究中，我们将PM_（2.5）沉积的I树ECO计算与由涡流协方差评估（冠层刻度）和含有真空/过滤技术的测量结果累积的叶片确定的汞和扫描电子显微镜结合能量分散X射线光谱（叶尺度）。这些调查是在那不勒斯的Capodimonte Royal森林进行。建模和测量的助势显示出良好的总体协议，表明净沉积在大气PM浓度较高时主要发生，随后是当天的第二部分中的高再悬浮率，对应于风速增加。模型参数的灵敏度分析表明，通过调节的沉积速度可以实现更好地表示PM沉积助熔剂。在超过冠层（PS）的储水能力的降水事件之后，还可能重新考虑颗粒物质的标准假设，以更好地考虑特定的叶状性状。这些结果代表了用实验数据去除I树ECO PM的第一次验证，是改善模型参数化的起点和城市树木除去的颗粒物质的估计。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2021年第10期|6613-6622|共10页
  • 作者

    Rocco Pace; Gabriele Guidolotti; Chiara Baldacchini; Emanuele Pallozzi; Ruediger Grote; David J. Nowak; Carlo Calfapietra;

  • 作者单位

    Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET) National Research Council (CNR) Porano TR 05010 Italy;

    Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET) National Research Council (CNR) Porano TR 05010 Italy;

    Institute oj Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET) National Research Council (CNR) Porano TR 05010 Italy Biophysics and Nanoscience Centre Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB) University of Tuscia Viterbo 01100 Italy;

    Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET) National Research Council (CNR) Monterotondo Scalo KM 00015 Italy;

    Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Garmisch-Partenkirchen 82467 Germany;

    USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station Syracuse New York 13210 United States;

    Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET) National Research Council (CNR) Porano TR 05010 Italy;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Air quality; PM removal; Eddy covariance; Vacuum filtration; SEM analysis; Modeling; Resuspension; Human health;

    机译：空气质量;PM去除;埃迪协方差;真空过滤;SEM分析;造型;重新悬浮;人类健康;

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