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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Energy-Water Nexus Analysis of Enhanced Water Supply Scenarios: A Regional Comparison of Tampa Bay, Florida, and San Diego,California
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Energy-Water Nexus Analysis of Enhanced Water Supply Scenarios: A Regional Comparison of Tampa Bay, Florida, and San Diego,California

机译：增强供水方案的能水联系分析：佛罗里达州坦帕湾和加利福尼亚圣地亚哥的区域比较

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摘要

Increased water demand and scarce freshwater resources have forced communities to seek nontraditional water sources. These challenges are exacerbated in coastal communities, where population growth rates and densities in the United States are the highest. To understand the current management dilemma between constrained surface and groundwater sources and potential new water sources, Tampa Bay, Florida (TB), and San Diego, California (SD), were studied through 2030 accounting for changes in population, water demand, and electricity grid mix. These locations were chosen on the basis of their similar populations, land areas, economies, and water consumption characters as well as their coastal locations and rising contradictions between water demand and supply. Three scenarios were evaluated for each study area: (1) maximization of traditional supplies; (2) maximization of seawater desalination; and (3) maximization of nonpotable water reclamation. Three types of impacts were assessed: embodied energy, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, and energy cost SD was found to have higher embodied energy and energy cost but lower GHG emission than TB in most of its water infrastructure systems because of the differences between the electricity grid mixes and water resources of the two regions. Maximizing water reclamation was found to be better than increasing either traditional supplies or seawater desalination in both regions in terms of the three impact categories. The results further imply the importance of assessing the energy-water nexus when pursuing demand-side control targets or goals as well to ensure that the potentially most economical options are considered.
机译：需水量的增加和淡水资源的匮乏迫使社区寻求非传统的水源。在美国人口增长率和密度最高的沿海社区，这些挑战更加严峻。为了了解当前受约束的地表水和地下水源与潜在的新水源之间的管理难题，研究了到2030年佛罗里达州坦帕湾（TB）和加利福尼亚圣地亚哥（SD）的人口，需水量和电力变化网格混合。选择这些地点的依据是其相似的人口，土地面积，经济和用水特征，以及其沿海地点以及水的供需矛盾不断加剧。针对每个研究领域评估了三种方案：（1）最大化传统供应； （2）最大化海水淡化； （3）最大化非饮用水回收。评估了三种类型的影响：具体的能源，温室气体（GHG）排放和能源成本SD在大多数水基础设施系统中，SD的具体能源和能源成本较高，但其GHG排放却低于TB，这是因为能源之间的差异。这两个地区的电网混合和水资源。在这三个方面，发现最大化的水回收比在两个地区增加传统供水或海水淡化都更好。结果进一步暗示了在追求需求侧控制目标或目标时评估能源与水之间关系的重要性，以及确保考虑潜在的最经济的选择。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2014年第10期|5883-5891|共9页
  • 作者

    Weiwei Mo; Ranran Wang; Julie B. Zimmerman;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States;

    School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States;

    Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States,School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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