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Stimulating Nitrate Removal Processes of Restored Wetlands

机译：刺激恢复湿地的硝酸盐去除过程

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摘要

The environmental and health effects caused by nitrate contamination of aquatic systems are a serious problem throughout the world. A strategy proposed to address nitrate pollution is the restoration of wetlands. However, although natural wetlands often remove nitrate via high rates of denitrification, wetlands restored for water quality functions often fall below expectations. This may be in part because key drivers for denitrification, in particular soil carbon, are slow to develop in restored wetlands. We added organic soil amendments that range along a gradient of carbon lability to four newly restored wetlands in western New York to investigate the effect of carbon additions on denitrification and other processes of the nitrogen cycle. Soil carbon increased by 12.67-63.30% with the use of soil amendments (p ≤ 0.0001). Soil nitrate, the carbon to nitrogen ratio, and microbial biomass nitrogen were the most significant predictors of denitrification potential. Denitrification potential, potential net nitrogen nitrification and mineralization, and soil nitrate and ammonium, were highest in topsoil-amended plots, with increases in denitrification potential of 161.27% over control plots. While amendment with topsoil more than doubled several key nitrogen cycling processes, more research is required to determine what type and level of amendment application are most effective for stimulating removal of exogenous nitrate and meeting functional goals within an acceptable time frame.
机译：由水生系统的硝酸盐污染引起的环境和健康影响是全世界的一个严重问题。提出的解决硝酸盐污染的策略是恢复湿地。然而，尽管天然湿地通常通过高反硝化率去除硝酸盐，但恢复了水质功能的湿地常常低于预期。这可能部分是因为在恢复的湿地中反硝化的主要驱动力（尤其是土壤碳）发展缓慢。我们在纽约西部的四个新近恢复的湿地中添加了沿着碳不稳定性梯度变化的有机土壤改良剂，以研究碳添加对反硝化和氮循环其他过程的影响。通过使用土壤改良剂，土壤碳增加了12.67-63.30％（p≤0.0001）。土壤硝酸盐，碳氮比和微生物生物量氮是反硝化潜力的最重要预测因子。在表土改良区，反硝化潜力，潜在的净氮硝化和矿化作用以及土壤硝态氮和铵态氮最高，反硝化潜力比对照地增加了161.27％。尽管表土改良剂使几个关键的氮循环过程增加了一倍以上，但仍需要进行更多的研究以确定哪种类型和水平的改良剂最有效地促进外源硝酸盐的去除并在可接受的时间内达到功能目标。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2014年第13期|7365-7373|共9页
  • 作者

    Kate A. Ballantine; Peter M. Groffinan; Johannes Lehmann; Rebecca L. Schneider;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Environmental Studies, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts 01075, United States;

    Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, New York 12545, United States;

    Department of Crop and Soil Science, Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14850, United States;

    Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14850, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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