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Characterization of Paniculate Matter Emissions from a Current Technology Natural Gas Engine

机译：当前技术天然气发动机的颗粒物排放特征

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摘要

Experiments were conducted to characterize the particulate matter (PM)-size distribution, number concentration, and chemical composition emitted from transit buses powered by a USEPA 2010 compliant, stoichiometric heavy-duty natural gas engine equipped with a three-way catalyst (TWC). Results of the particle-size distribution showed a predominant nucleation mode centered close to 10 nm. PM mass in the size range of 6.04 to 25.5 nm correlated strongly with mass of lubrication-oil-derived elemental species detected in the gravimetric PM sample. Results from oil analysis indicated an elemental composition that was similar to that detected in the PM samples. The source of elemental species in the oil sample can be attributed to additives and engine wear. Chemical speciation of particulate matter (PM) showed that lubrication-oil-based additives and wear metals were a major fraction of the PM mass emitted from the buses. The results of the study indicate the possible existence of nanoparticles below 25 nm formed as a result of lubrication oil passage through the combustion chamber. Furthermore, the results of oxidative stress (OS) analysis on the PM samples indicated strong correlations with both the PM mass calculated in the nanopartide-size bin and the mass of elemental species mat can be linked to lubrication oil as the source.
机译：进行实验以表征由配备了三效催化剂（TWC）的符合USEPA 2010的化学计量重型天然气发动机提供动力的公交车排放的颗粒物（PM）的尺寸分布，数量浓度和化学成分。粒度分布的结果表明，主要的成核模式集中在接近10 nm处。重量在6.04至25.5 nm范围内的PM质量与重量分析PM样品中检测到的润滑油衍生元素的质量密切相关。石油分析的结果表明元素组成与PM样品中检测到的相似。机油样品中元素种类的来源可归因于添加剂和发动机磨损。颗粒物（PM）的化学形态表明，润滑油添加剂和磨损金属是公共汽车排放的PM质量的主要部分。研究结果表明，润滑油通过燃烧室时，可能会形成25 nm以下的纳米颗粒。此外，对PM样品进行氧化应力（OS）分析的结果表明，纳米颗粒大小仓中计算出的PM质量与元素物种的质量两者之间都具有很强的相关性，可以将其作为润滑油的来源。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2014年第14期|8235-8242|共8页
  • 作者

    Arvind Thiruvengadam; Marc C. Besch; Seungju Yoon; John Collins; Hemanth Kappanna; Daniel K. Carder; Alberto Ayala; Jorn Herner; Mridul Gautam;

  • 作者单位

    Mechanical and Aerospace Department, West Virginia University, Morgantown, 395 Evansdale Drive, P.O. Box 6106, West Virginia 26505, United States;

    Mechanical and Aerospace Department, West Virginia University, Morgantown, 395 Evansdale Drive, P.O. Box 6106, West Virginia 26505, United States;

    California Air Resources Board, 1001 Ⅰ Street, Sacramento, California 95812, United States;

    California Air Resources Board, 1001 Ⅰ Street, Sacramento, California 95812, United States;

    Mechanical and Aerospace Department, West Virginia University, Morgantown, 395 Evansdale Drive, P.O. Box 6106, West Virginia 26505, United States;

    Mechanical and Aerospace Department, West Virginia University, Morgantown, 395 Evansdale Drive, P.O. Box 6106, West Virginia 26505, United States;

    California Air Resources Board, 1001 Ⅰ Street, Sacramento, California 95812, United States;

    California Air Resources Board, 1001 Ⅰ Street, Sacramento, California 95812, United States;

    Mechanical and Aerospace Department, West Virginia University, Morgantown, 395 Evansdale Drive, P.O. Box 6106, West Virginia 26505, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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