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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Pesticides in U.S. Streams and Rivers: Occurrence and Trends during 1992-2011
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Pesticides in U.S. Streams and Rivers: Occurrence and Trends during 1992-2011

机译：美国溪流中的农药：1992-2011年期间的发生率和趋势

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摘要

During the 20 years from 1992 to 2011, pesticides were found at concentrations that exceeded aquatic-life benchmarks in many rivers and streams that drain agricultural, urban, and mixed-land use watersheds. Overall, the proportions of assessed streams with one or more pesticides that exceeded an aquatic-life benchmark were very similar between the two decades for agricultural (69% during 1992-2001 compared to 61% during 2002-2011) and mixed-land-use streams (45% compared to 46%). Urban streams, in contrast, increased from 53% during 1992-2011 to 90% during 2002-2011, largely because of fipronil and dichlorvos. The potential for adverse effects on aquatic life is likely greater than these results indicate because potentially important pesticide compounds were not included in the assessment. Human-health benchmarks were much less frequently exceeded, and during 2002-2011, only one agricultural stream and no urban or mixed-land-use streams exceeded human-health benchmarks for any of the measured pesticides. Widespread trends in pesticide concentrations, some downward and some upward, occurred in response to shifts in use patterns primarily driven by regulatory changes and introductions of new pesticides.
机译：从1992年到2011年的20年间，在许多排泄农业，城市和混合土地利用流域的河流和溪流中，农药的浓度超过了水生生物基准。总体而言，在农业的两个十年之间，评估的含一种或多种农药的水流比例超过了水生生物基准，这两个比例非常相似（1992-2001年为69％，而2002-2011年为61％）流（45％相比46％）。相反，城市溪流从1992-2011年期间的53％增加到2002-2011年期间的90％，这主要是由于氟虫腈和敌敌畏所致。对水生生物产生不利影响的潜在可能性可能大于这些结果所表明的，因为评估中未包括潜在的重要农药化合物。超过人类健康基准的频率要低得多，并且在2002-2011年期间，只有一种农业生产流和任何城市或混合土地利用流都没有超过任何测量农药的人类健康基准。农药浓度的普遍趋势是下降的，有些是上升的，这是由于使用方式的变化而引起的，这主要是由法规变化和新农药的引入驱动的。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2014年第19期|11025-11030|共6页
  • 作者

    Wesley W. Stone; Robert J. Gilliom; Karen R. Ryberg;

  • 作者单位

    U.S. Geological Survey, 5957 Lakeside Boulevard, Indianapolis, Indiana 46278, United States;

    U.S. Geological Survey, 6000 J Street, Sacramento, California 95819, United States;

    U.S. Geological Survey, 821 East Interstate Avenue, Bismarck, North Dakota 58503, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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