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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Particle Emissions from a Marine Engine: Chemical Composition and Aromatic Emission Profiles under Various Operating Conditions
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Particle Emissions from a Marine Engine: Chemical Composition and Aromatic Emission Profiles under Various Operating Conditions

机译：船用发动机的颗粒物排放：各种工况下的化学成分和芳香物排放曲线

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摘要

The chemical composition of particulate matter (PM) emissions from a medium-speed four-stroke marine engine, operated on both heavy fuel oil (HFO) and distillate fuel (DF), was studied under various operating conditions. PM emission factors for organic matter, elemental carbon (soot), inorganic species and a variety of organic compounds were determined. In addition, the molecular composition of aromatic organic matter was analyzed using a novel coupling of a thermal-optical carbon analyzer with a resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) mass spectrometer. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were predominantly present in an alkylated form, and the composition of the aromatic organic matter in emissions clearly resembled that of fuel. The emissions of species known to be hazardous to health (PAH, Oxy-PAH, N-PAH, transition metals) were significantly higher from HFO than from DF operation, at all engine loads. In contrast, DF usage generated higher elemental carbon emissions than HFO at typical load points (5096 and 75%) for marine operation. Thus, according to this study, the sulfur emission regulations that force the usage of low-sulfur distillate fuels will also substantially decrease the emissions of currently unregulated hazardous species. However, the emissions of soot may even increase if the fuel injection system is optimized for HFO operation.
机译：在各种操作条件下，研究了使用重油（HFO）和馏出燃料（DF）运转的中速四冲程船用发动机排放的颗粒物（PM）的化学成分。确定了有机物，元素碳（烟灰），无机物和各种有机化合物的PM排放因子。此外，使用热光碳分析仪与共振增强型多光子电离（REMPI）质谱仪的新型耦合分析了芳香族有机物的分子组成。多环芳烃（PAHs）主要以烷基化形式存在，并且排放物中的芳族有机物组成明显类似于燃料。在所有发动机负载下，HFO的已知排放有害物质（PAH，Oxy-PAH，N-PAH，过渡金属）明显高于DF运行。相比之下，在海上作业的典型载荷点（5096和75％）下，DF的使用产生的元素碳排放量比HFO高。因此，根据这项研究，强制使用低硫馏分燃料的硫排放法规还将大大减少当前未管制的有害物质的排放。但是，如果燃油喷射系统针对HFO操作进行了优化，则烟尘的排放甚至可能增加。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2014年第19期|11721-11729|共9页
  • 作者

    O. Sippula; B. Stengel; M. Sklorz; T. Streibel; R. Rabe; J. Orasche; J. Lintelmann; B. Michalke; G. Abbaszade; C. Radischat; T. Groeger; J. Schnelle-Kreis; H. Harndorf; R. Zimmermann;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, FI-70101, Finland, Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre/Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany, HICE-Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health-Aerosols and Health, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen-Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany;

    Piston Machines and Internal Combustion Engines, University of Rostock, Germany, 18059 Rostock, Germany, HICE-Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health-Aerosols and Health, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen-Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany;

    Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre/Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany, Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany, HICE-Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health-Aerosols and Health, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen-Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany;

    Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre/Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany, Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany, HICE-Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health-Aerosols and Health, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen-Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany;

    Piston Machines and Internal Combustion Engines, University of Rostock, Germany, 18059 Rostock, Germany, HICE-Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health-Aerosols and Health, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen-Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany;

    Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany, HICE-Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health-Aerosols and Health, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen-Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany;

    Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany, HICE-Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health-Aerosols and Health, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen-Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany;

    Analytical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;

    Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany, HICE-Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health-Aerosols and Health, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen-Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany;

    Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre/Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany, HICE-Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health-Aerosols and Health, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen-Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany;

    Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany, HICE-Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health-Aerosols and Health, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen-Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany;

    Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany, HICE-Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health-Aerosols and Health, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen-Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany;

    Piston Machines and Internal Combustion Engines, University of Rostock, Germany, 18059 Rostock, Germany, HICE-Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health-Aerosols and Health, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen-Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany;

    Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre/Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany, Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany, HICE-Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health-Aerosols and Health, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen-Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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