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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Characterizing the Spatial Variation of Air Pollutants and the Contributions of High Emitting Vehicles in Pittsburgh, PA
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Characterizing the Spatial Variation of Air Pollutants and the Contributions of High Emitting Vehicles in Pittsburgh, PA

机译：宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡的空气污染物空间变化特征和高排放车辆的贡献

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摘要

We used a mobile measurement platform to characterize a suite of air pollutants (black carbon (BC), particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PB-PAH), benzene, and toluene) in the city of Pittsburgh and surrounding areas. More than 270 h of data were collected from forty-two sites which were selected based on analysis in the geographic information system (GIS). Mobile measurements were performed during three different times of day (mornings, afternoons/evenings, and overnight) in both winter (November 2011 to February 2012) and summer (June 2012 to August 2012). Pollutant concentrations were elevated in river valleys by 9% (benzene) to 30% (PB-PAH) relative to upland areas. Traffic had strong impacts on measured pollutants. PB-PAH and BC concentrations at high traffic sites were a factor of 2 and 30% higher than at low traffic sites, respectively. Pollutant concentrations were highest in the morning sessions due to a combination of traffic and meteorological conditions. The highly time-resolved data indicated that elevated pollutant concentrations at high traffic sites were due to short duration plume events associated with high emitting vehicles. High emitting vehicles contributed up to 70% of the near road PB-PAH and 30% of BC; emissions from these vehicles drove substantial spatial variations in BC and PB-PAH concentrations. Many high emitting vehicles were presumably diesel trucks or buses, because plumes were strongly correlated with truck traffic volume. In contrast, PB-PAH and BC in the nonplume background air was weakly correlated with traffic, and their spatial patterns were more influenced by terrain and point source emissions. The spatial variability in contributions of high emitting vehicles suggests that the effect of potential control strategies vary for different pollutants and environments.
机译：我们使用了一个移动测量平台来表征匹兹堡市及周边地区的一系列空气污染物（黑碳（BC），颗粒结合的多环芳烃（PB-PAH），苯和甲苯）。从42个站点收集了超过270小时的数据，这些站点是根据地理信息系统（GIS）中的分析选择的。在冬季（2011年11月至2012年2月）和夏季（2012年6月至2012年8月）的一天的三个不同时间（早晨，下午/晚上和过夜）进行移动测量。相对于高地地区，河谷中的污染物浓度增加了9％（苯）至30％（PB-PAH）。交通对测得的污染物影响很大。高流量地点的PB-PAH和BC浓度分别比低流量地点高2％和30％。由于交通和气象条件的结合，早晨的污染物浓度最高。高度时间分辨的数据表明，高流量站点的污染物浓度升高是由于与高排放车辆相关的持续时间短的羽流事件。高排放车辆占近距离道路PB-PAH的70％和不列颠哥伦比亚省的30％；这些车辆的排放导致BC和PB-PAH浓度发生很大的空间变化。许多高排放车辆可能是柴油卡车或公共汽车，因为羽流与卡车的交通量密切相关。相比之下，非蓬松背景空气中的PB-PAH和BC与交通量之间的关联性较弱，并且它们的空间格局受地形和点源排放的影响更大。高排放车辆贡献的空间可变性表明，针对不同的污染物和环境，潜在控制策略的效果会有所不同。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2014年第24期|14186-14194|共9页
  • 作者

    Yi Tan; Eric M. Lipsky; Rawad Saleh; Allen L. Robinson; Albert A. Presto;

  • 作者单位

    Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States;

    Mechanical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University Greater Allegheny, McKeesport, Pennsylvania 15131, United States;

    Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States;

    Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States;

    Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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