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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Using a Two-Stage Hydrogen-Based Membrane Biofilm Reactor (MBfR) to Achieve Complete Perchlorate Reduction in the Presence of Nitrate and Sulfate
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Using a Two-Stage Hydrogen-Based Membrane Biofilm Reactor (MBfR) to Achieve Complete Perchlorate Reduction in the Presence of Nitrate and Sulfate

机译：使用两阶段的氢基膜生物膜反应器（MBfR）在硝酸盐和硫酸盐存在下实现完全的高氯酸盐还原

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摘要

We evaluated a strategy for achieving complete reduction of perchlorate (ClO_4~-) in the presence of much higher concentrations of sulfate (SO_4~(2-)) and nitrate (NO_3~-) in a hydrogen-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR). Full C1CV reduction was achieved by using a two-stage MBfR with controlled NO_3~- surface loadings to each stage. With an equivalent NO_3~- surface loading larger than 0.65 ± 0.04 g N/ m~2-day, the lead MBfR removed about 87 ± 4% of NO_3~- and 30 ± 8% of ClO_4~-. This decreased the equivalent surface loading of NO_3~- to 0.34 ± 0.04-0.53 ± 0.03 g N/m~2-day for the lag MBfR, in which ClO_4~- was reduced to nondetectable. SO_4~(2-) reduction was eliminated without compromising full ClO_4~- reduction using a higher flow rate that gave an equivalent NO_3~- surface loading of 0.94 ± 0.05 g N/m~2-day in the lead MBfR and 0.53 ± 0.03 g N/m~2-day in the lag MBfR. Results from qPCR and pyrosequencing showed that the lead and lag MBfRs had distinctly different microbial communities when SO_1~((2-) reduction took place. Denitrifying bacteria (DB), quantified using the nirS and nirK genes, dominated the biofilm in the lead MBfR, but perchlorate-reducing bacteria (PRB), quantified using the pcrA gene, became more important in the lag MBfR. The facultative anaerobic bacteria Dechloromonas, Rubrivivax, and Enterobacter were dominant genera in the lead MBfR, where their main function was to reduce NO_3~-. With a small NO_3~- surface loading and full ClO_4~- reduction, the dominant genera shifted to ClO_4~--reducing bacteria Sphaerotilus, Rhodocydaceae, and Rhodobacter in the lag MBfR.
机译：我们评估了在氢基膜生物膜反应器（MBfR）中存在更高浓度的硫酸盐（SO_4〜（2-））和硝酸盐（NO_3〜-）的情况下实现完全还原高氯酸盐（ClO_4〜-）的策略。 。通过使用两级MBfR来实现完全的C1CV降低，并控制每一级的NO_3〜-表面负荷。当等效NO_3〜-表面负荷大于0.65±0.04 g N / m〜2天时，铅MBfR去除了约87±4％的NO_3〜-和30±8％的ClO_4〜-。对于滞后MBfR，这将NO_3〜-的当量表面负荷降低至0.34±0.04-0.53±0.03 g N / m〜2天，其中ClO_4-降至不可检测的水平。使用更高的流速消除了SO_4〜（2-）的还原，而不会损害全部ClO_4〜-的还原，该流速使MBfR铅中的等效NO_3〜-表面负荷为0.94±0.05 g N / m〜2天，而0.53±0.03 g N / m〜2天，滞后MBfR。 qPCR和焦磷酸测序结果表明，当SO_1〜（（2-））还原时，超前和滞后MBfRs具有明显不同的微生物群落；使用nirS和nirK基因定量的反硝化细菌（DB）主导了MBfR中的生物膜。 ，但使用pcrA基因定量的高氯酸盐还原菌（PRB）在MBfR滞后变得更为重要，兼性厌氧细菌Dechloromonas，Rubrivivax和Enterobacter是MBfR铅的主要属，其主要功能是还原NO_3。 〜-。由于NO_3〜-表面负荷小且ClO_4〜-完全还原，优势属转移到ClO_4〜-减少了滞后MBfR中的细菌Sphaerotilus，杜鹃花科和红细菌。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2013年第3期|1565-1572|共8页
  • 作者

    He-Ping Zhao; Aura Ontiveros-Valencia; Youneng Tang; Bi-O Kim; Zehra Esra Ilhan; Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown; Bruce Rittmann;

  • 作者单位

    MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China,Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, P.O. Box 875701, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5701, United States;

    Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, P.O. Box 875701, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5701, United States;

    Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, P.O. Box 875701, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5701, United States,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States;

    Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, P.O. Box 875701, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5701, United States;

    Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, P.O. Box 875701, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5701, United States;

    Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, P.O. Box 875701, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5701, United States;

    Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, P.O. Box 875701, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5701, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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