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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Daphnid Life Cycle Responses to New Generation Flame Retardants
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Daphnid Life Cycle Responses to New Generation Flame Retardants

机译：达芙妮生命周期对新一代阻燃剂的响应

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摘要

Relatively hazardous brominated flame retard-ants (BFRs) are currently substituted with halogen-free flame retardants (HFFRs). Consequently,information on their persistence,bioaccumulation and toxicity (PBT) is urgently needed.Therefore,we investigated the chronic toxicity to the water flea Daphnia magna of two HFFRs, aluminum diethylphosphinate (ALPI) and 9,10-dihyro-9-oxa-10-phospha-phenanthrene-oxide (DOPO).The toxicity of ALPI increased from a 48 h LC_(50) of 18 mg L~(-1) to a 21 day LC~(50) value of 3.2 mg L~(-1),resulting in an acute-to-chronic ratio of 5.6.This may imply a change in classification from low to moderate toxicity. ALPI also affected sublethal life cycle parameters,with an EC_(50) of 2.8 mg L~(-1) for cumulative reproductive output and of 3.4 mg L~(-1) for population growth rate,revealing a nonspecific mode of action.DOPO showed only sublethal effects with an EC50 value of 48 mg L~(-1) for cumulative reproductive output and an EC_(50) value of 73 mg L~(-1) for population growth rate.The toxicity of DOPO to D.magna was classified as low and likely occurred above environmentally relevant concentrations,but we identified specific effects on reproduction.Given the low chronic toxicity of DOPO and the moderate toxicity of ALPI,based on this study only,DOPO seems to be more suitable than ALPI for BFR replacement in polymers.
机译：相对危险的溴化阻燃剂（BFR）当前被无卤阻燃剂（HFFR）取代。因此，迫切需要有关其持久性，生物蓄积性和毒性的信息。因此，我们研究了两种HFFR（二乙基次膦酸铝（ALPI）和9,10-dihyro-9-oxa-）对水蚤蚤的慢性毒性。 10-磷菲氧化物（DOPO）.ALPI的毒性从48 h LC_（50）的18 mg L〜（-1）增加到21天LC〜（50）的3.2 mg L〜（- 1），急性与慢性的比率为5.6。这可能意味着分类从中度毒性改变为中度。 ALPI还影响了亚致死生命周期参数，其EC_（50）的累积生殖产量为2.8 mg L〜（-1），人口增长率为3.4 mg L〜（-1），揭示了一种非特异性作用方式。仅显示出亚致死效应，累积生殖产量的EC50值为48 mg L〜（-1），人口增长率的EC_（50）值为73 mg L〜（-1）。由于DOPO的慢性毒性较低且ALPI的毒性中等，仅根据本研究，DOPO似乎比ALPI更适合BFR。替代聚合物。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2013年第23期|13798-13803|共6页
  • 作者

    Susanne L.Waaijers; Tanja E.Bleyenberg; Arne Dits; Marian Schoorl; Jeroen Schuett; Stefan A. E.Kools; Pim de Voogt; Wim Admiraal; John R.Parsons; Michiel H.S.Kraak;

  • 作者单位

    Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED),University of Amsterdam,P.O.Box 94248,1092 GE Amsterdam,The Netherlands;

    Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED),University of Amsterdam,P.O.Box 94248,1092 GE Amsterdam,The Netherlands;

    Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED),University of Amsterdam,P.O.Box 94248,1092 GE Amsterdam,The Netherlands;

    Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED),University of Amsterdam,P.O.Box 94248,1092 GE Amsterdam,The Netherlands;

    Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED),University of Amsterdam,P.O.Box 94248,1092 GE Amsterdam,The Netherlands;

    Grontmij Nederland B.V.,P.O.Box 9512S,1090 HC Amsterdam,The Netherlands,KWR Watercycle Research Institute,P.O.Box 1072,3430 BB Nieuwegein,The Netherlands;

    Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED),University of Amsterdam,P.O.Box 94248,1092 GE Amsterdam,The Netherlands,KWR Watercycle Research Institute,P.O.Box 1072,3430 BB Nieuwegein,The Netherlands;

    Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED),University of Amsterdam,P.O.Box 94248,1092 GE Amsterdam,The Netherlands;

    Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED),University of Amsterdam,P.O.Box 94248,1092 GE Amsterdam,The Netherlands;

    Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED),University of Amsterdam,P.O.Box 94248,1092 GE Amsterdam,The Netherlands;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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