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Modeling Fossil Energy Demands of Primary Nonferrous Metal Production: The Case of Copper

机译:初级有色金属生产的化石能源需求建模:以铜为例

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摘要

The methodologies for life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) of metal resources are rather diverse. Some LCIA methods are based on ore grade changes, but they typically do not consider the impact of changes in primary metal extraction technology. To characterize the impact of technology changes for copper, we modeled and analyzed energy demand, expressed in fossil energy equivalents (FEE) per kilogram of primary copper, taking into account the applied mining method and processing technology. The model was able to capture variations in reported energy demands of selected mining sites (FEE: 0.07 to 0.84 MJ-eq/kg ore) with deviations of 1 to 30%. Applying the model to a database containing global mine production data resulted in energy demand median values of around 50 MJ/kg Cu irrespective of the processing route, even though median values of ore demands varied between processing routes from ca. 35 (underground, conventional processing) to 200 kg ore/kg Cu (open pit, solvent-extraction, and electrowinning), as high specific ore demands are typically associated with less energy intensive extraction technologies and vice versa. Thus, only considering ore grade in LCIA methods without making any differentiation with regard to employed technology can produce misleading results.
机译:金属资源生命周期影响评估(LCIA)的方法是多种多样的。一些LCIA方法基于矿石品位的变化,但通常不考虑初级金属提取技术变化的影响。为了表征技术变化对铜的影响,我们对能源需求进行了建模和分析,并考虑了所采用的采矿方法和加工技术,以化石能源当量(FEE)/千克原生铜表示。该模型能够捕获选定矿场报告的能源需求变化(FEE:0.07至0.84 MJ-eq / kg矿石),偏差为1%至30%。将模型应用到包含全球矿山生产数据的数据库时,无论加工路线如何,即使矿石需求的中位数从大约每吨到最高,能源需求的中值约为50 MJ / kg Cu。 35(地下,常规处理)至200 kg矿石/ kg Cu(露天开采,溶剂萃取和电解沉积),因为高比矿石需求通常与能源密集型提取技术相关,反之亦然。因此,仅在LCIA方法中考虑矿石品位而不对所采用的技术进行区分会产生误导性的结果。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2013年第24期|13917-13924|共8页
  • 作者

    Pilar Swart; Jo Dewulf;

  • 作者单位

    Ghent University, Research Group Envoc, Ghent, Belgium;

    Ghent University, Research Group Envoc, Ghent, Belgium;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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