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Landscape Urbanization and Economic Growth in China: Positive Feedbacks and Sustainability Dilemmas

机译：中国景观城市化与经济增长：正面反馈与可持续发展困境

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摘要

Accelerating urbanization has been viewed as an important instrument for economic development and reducing regional income disparity in some developing countries, including China. Recent studies (Bloom et al. 2008) indicate mat demographic urbanization level has no causal effect on economic growth. However, due to the varying and changing definition of urban population, the use of demographic indicators as a sole representing indicator for urbanization might be misleading. Here, we re-examine the causal relationship between urbanization and economic growth in Chinese cities and provinces in recent decades, using built-up areas as a landscape urbanization indicator. Our analysis shows that (1) larger cities, both in terms of population size and built-up area, and richer cities tend to gain more income, have larger built-up area expansion, and attract more population, than poorer cities or smaller cities; and (2) that there is a long-term bidirectional causality between urban built-up area expansion and WJP per capita at both city and provincial level, and a short-term bidirectional causality at provincial level, revealing a positive feedback between landscape urbanization and urban and regional economic growth in China. Our results suggest that urbanization, if measured by a landscape indicator, does have causal effect on economic growth in China, both within the city and with spillover effect to the region, and that urban land expansion is not only the consequences of economic growth in cities, but also drivers of such growth. The results also suggest that under its current economic growth model, it might be difficult for China to control urban expansion without sacrificing economic growth, and China's policy to stop the loss of agricultural land, for food security, might be challenged by its policy to promote economic growth through urbanization.
机译：在包括中国在内的一些发展中国家，加速城市化已被视为促进经济发展和减少地区收入差距的重要手段。最近的研究（Bloom等，2008）表明，人口统计的城市化水平对经济增长没有因果关系。但是，由于城市人口定义的变化和变化，使用人口指标作为城市化的唯一代表指标可能会产生误导。在这里，我们使用建成区作为景观城市化指标重新审视了近几十年来中国城市和省市城市化与经济增长之间的因果关系。我们的分析表明：（1）无论是在人口规模还是建成区方面，较大的城市，较贫穷的城市或较小的城市，较富裕的城市倾向于获得更多的收入，具有较大的建成区扩展并吸引更多的人口; （2）在城市和省级城市建成区扩张与人均WJP之间存在长期的双向因果关系，在省级水平上存在短期的双向因果关系，表明景观城市化与城市化之间存在正反馈关系。中国城市和区域经济增长。我们的结果表明，如果用景观指标衡量，城市化的确对中国的经济增长产生了因果关系，无论是在城市内部还是对区域的溢出效应，而且城市土地扩张不仅是城市经济增长的结果，也是这种增长的驱动力。结果还表明，在目前的经济增长模式下，中国可能很难在不牺牲经济增长的情况下控制城市扩张，而中国为保障粮食安全而停止农业用地流失的政策可能会受到其促进发展的政策的挑战。通过城市化实现经济增长。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2012年第1期|p.132-139|共8页
  • 作者

    Xuemei Bai; Jing Chen; Peijun Shi;

  • 作者单位

    Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200 Australia;

    State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resources Ecology, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekou wai street, Beijing 100875, P. R. China;

    State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resources Ecology, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekou wai street, Beijing 100875, P. R. China;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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