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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Mechanism of Silver Nanoparticle Toxicity Is Dependent on Dissolved Silver and Surface Coating in Caenorhabditis elegans
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Mechanism of Silver Nanoparticle Toxicity Is Dependent on Dissolved Silver and Surface Coating in Caenorhabditis elegans

机译：秀丽隐杆线虫中银纳米颗粒毒性的机理取决于溶解的银和表面涂层

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摘要

The rapidly increasing use of silver nanopartides (Ag NPs) in consumer products and medical applications has raised ecological and human health concerns. A key question for addressing these concerns is whether Ag NP toxicity is mechanistically unique to nanoparticulate silver, or if it is a result of the release of silver ions. Furthermore, since Ag NPs are produced in a large variety of monomer sizes and coatings, and since their physicochemical behavior depends on the media composition, it is important to understand how these variables modulate toxicity. We found that a lower ionic strength medium resulted in greater toxicity (measured as growth inhibition) of all tested Ag NPs to Caenorhabditis elegans and that both dissolved silver and coating influenced Ag NP toxicity. We found a linear correlation between Ag NP toxicity and dissolved silver, but no correlation between size and toxicity. We used three independent and complementary approaches to investigate the mechanisms of toxicity of differentially coated and sized Ag NPs: pharmacological (rescue with trolox and N-acetylcysteine), genetic (analysis of metal-sensitive and oxidative stress-sensitive mutants), and physicochemical (including analysis of dissolution of Ag NPs). Oxidative dissolution was limited in our experimental conditions (maximally 15% in 24 h) yet was key to the toxicity of most Ag NPs, highlighting a critical role for dissolved silver complexed with thiols in the toxicity of all tested Ag NPs. Some Ag NPs (typically less soluble due to size or coating) also acted via oxidative stress, an effect specific to nanoparticulate silver. However, in no case studied here was the toxicity of a Ag NP greater than would be predicted by complete dissolution of the same mass of silver as silver ions.
机译：银纳米粒子（Ag NPs）在消费产品和医疗应用中的快速增长引起了生态和人类健康的关注。解决这些问题的关键问题是，银纳米颗粒的毒性是否在机理上是纳米颗粒银所独有的，或者是否是银离子释放的结果。此外，由于以各种单体尺寸和涂层形式生产Ag NP，并且由于其物理化学行为取决于介质组成，因此了解这些变量如何调节毒性非常重要。我们发现，较低的离子强度介质会导致所有测试的Ag NP对秀丽隐杆线虫的毒性更大（以生长抑制率衡量），并且溶解的银和涂层均会影响Ag NP毒性。我们发现Ag NP毒性和溶解的银之间呈线性关系，但大小和毒性之间没有相关性。我们使用了三种独立且互补的方法来研究不同包被和大小的Ag NP的毒性机理：药理学（用trolox和N-乙酰半胱氨酸进行拯救），遗传学（对金属敏感和氧化应激敏感的突变体进行分析）和物理化学（包括分析银纳米颗粒的溶解）。氧化溶解在我们的实验条件下受到限制（在24小时内最多达到15％），但这是大多数Ag NP毒性的关键，突出了溶解的银与硫醇复合在所有测试的Ag NP毒性中的关键作用。一些银纳米颗粒（通常由于尺寸或涂层而难溶）也通过氧化应激起作用，这是纳米颗粒银特有的作用。但是，这里没有研究过Ag NP的毒性大于完全溶解与银离子相同质量的银所能预测的毒性。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2012年第2期|p.1119-1127|共9页
  • 作者

    Xinyu Yang; Andreas P. Gondikas; Stella M. Marinakos; Melanie Auffan; Jie Liu; Heileen Hsu-Kim; Joel N. Meyer;

  • 作者单位

    Nicholas School of the Environment and Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0328, United States;

    Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering and Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States;

    Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering and Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States;

    CEREGE UMR 6635 CNRS Aix-Marseille Univ, iCEINT international Consortium for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology, 13545 Abe en Provence, France;

    Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering and Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States,Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States;

    Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering and Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States;

    Nicholas School of the Environment and Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0328, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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