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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Determining the Frequency of Asbestos Use in Automotive Brakes from a Fleet of On-Road California Vehicles
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Determining the Frequency of Asbestos Use in Automotive Brakes from a Fleet of On-Road California Vehicles

机译：确定来自加州公路车辆的汽车制动器中石棉的使用频率

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摘要

Asbestos is a known human carcinogen, and recent regulation in California limits asbestiform fibers in brakes to trace levels beginning in 2014, although there is no corresponding federal requirement. In order to gauge the current prevalence of asbestos use in automotive brake applications, the California Air Resources Board tested brake linings from 137 light- and medium-duty vehicles and 54 heavy-duty vehicles. Only about 3% of the light- and medium-duty vehicle brake linings contained chrysotile asbestos. All of those brake linings were drum-type shoes, which are generally being phased out. No asbestos was found in low mileage vehicles presumed to have their original stock linings from the vehicle manufacturer. Additionally, no asbestos was found in the heavy-duty vehicle brake shoe linings sampled. Given the small percentage of vehicle brake linings with asbestos observed, it appears that the prior federal ban that was subsequently overturned, in combination with a threat of litigation, has reduced asbestos use in brake linings. However, our study was limited in scope and without a national ban, the current and future prevalence of asbestos in brakes is uncertain, suggesting the need for continued monitoring of materials released as toxic air contaminants in normal braking operations.
机译：石棉是已知的人类致癌物，尽管没有相应的联邦要求，但加利福尼亚州的最新法规从2014年开始将刹车中的石棉纤维限制在痕量水平。为了评估当前在汽车制动应用中使用的石棉的流行程度，加利福尼亚空气资源委员会对137辆轻型和中型车辆和54辆重型车辆的制动衬片进行了测试。仅约3％的轻型和中型车辆制动衬片含有温石棉石棉。所有这些制动衬片都是鼓式制动蹄，通常已经淘汰。在低行驶里程的车辆中未发现石棉，这些车辆被假定具有其原始的衬里。此外，在采样的重型车辆制动蹄衬片中未发现石棉。鉴于观察到的带有石棉的汽车刹车片比例很小，因此后来被推翻的先前的联邦禁令，加上诉讼的威胁，已经减少了刹车片中石棉的使用。但是，我们的研究范围有限，并且没有国家禁令，目前和未来的制动器中石棉的流行情况尚不确定，这表明需要继续监测在正常制动操作中作为有毒空气污染物释放的材料。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2012年第3期|p.1344-1351|共8页
  • 作者

    Joseph De Vita; Stephen Wall; Jeff Wagner; Zhong-Min Wang; Leela E. Rao;

  • 作者单位

    California Air Resources Board, Mobile Source Control Division, El Monte, California 91731, United States;

    California Department of Public Health, Environmental Health Laboratory, Richmond, California 94804, United States;

    California Department of Public Health, Environmental Health Laboratory, Richmond, California 94804, United States;

    California Department of Public Health, Environmental Health Laboratory, Richmond, California 94804, United States;

    California Air Resources Board, Mobile Source Control Division, El Monte, California 91731, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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