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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Feasibility of a Perfluorocarbon tracer based network to support Monitoring, Verification, and Accounting of Sequestered CO_2
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Feasibility of a Perfluorocarbon tracer based network to support Monitoring, Verification, and Accounting of Sequestered CO_2

机译：基于全氟化碳示踪剂的网络支持隔离CO_2的监视，验证和核算的可行性

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Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) will act as a bridging technology necessary to facilitate a transition from fossil fuels to a sustainable energy based economy. The Department of Energy (DOE) target leak rate for sequestration reservoirs is 1% of total sequestered CO_2 over the lifetime of the reservoir. This is 0.001% per year for a 1000 year lifetime of a storage reservoir. Effective detection of CO_2 leaks at the surface may require incorporation of a tracer tag into the sequestered CO_2. We applied a simple Gaussian Plume model to predict dispersion of a direct leak into the atmosphere and used the results to examine the requirements for designing a perfluorocarbon (PFT) monitoring network and tracer tagging strategy. Careful consideration must be given to the climate implications of using these compounds. The quantity of PFTs needed for tagging sequestered CO_2 is too large to be practical for routine monitoring. Tagging at a level that will result in 1.5 times background at a sampler 1 km from a leak of 0.01% per year will require 625 kg per year of PFT. This is a leak rate 10 times greater than the 1000 year DOE requirement and will require 19 tons of injected PFT over the 30 year lifetime of a 1000 megawatt coal fired plant. The utility of PFTs or any other tracer will be lost if the background levels are allowed to rise indiscriminately. A better use of PFTs is as a tool in sequestration research. Instead, geological surveys of sequestration sites will be necessary to locate potential direct pathways and develop targeted monitoring strategies. A global agreement on the use of tracers for monitoring CCS projects should be developed.
机译：碳捕集与封存（CCS）将作为促进从化石燃料向可持续能源经济过渡的必要桥接技术。能源部（DOE）的目标是，封存油藏在其使用期限内的泄漏率为总封存CO_2的1％。对于存储库的1000年寿命，这是每年0.001％。要有效检测表面的CO_2泄漏，可能需要将示踪剂标签结合到隔离的CO_2中。我们应用了一个简单的高斯羽状模型来预测直接泄漏到大气中的扩散，并使用结果来检查设计全氟化碳（PFT）监测网络和示踪剂标记策略的要求。必须仔细考虑使用这些化合物对气候的影响。标记隔离的CO_2所需的PFT数量太大，无法用于常规监控。进行标记的水平将导致距每年0.01％的泄漏量1 km处的采样器具有1.5倍的本底背景，则每年需要625 kg PFT。这是1000年DOE要求的10倍大的泄漏率，并且在1000兆瓦燃煤电厂的30年寿命中将需要注入19吨PFT。如果允许背景水平任意提高，则PFT或任何其他示踪剂的效用将丢失。更好地利用PFT作为螯合研究的工具。取而代之的是，必须对封存地点进行地质调查，以找到潜在的直接途径并制定有针对性的监测策略。应制定有关使用追踪器监控CCS项目的全球协议。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2012年第3期|p.1692-1699|共8页
  • 作者

    Thomas B. Watson; Terrence Sullivan;

  • 作者单位

    Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11073-5000;

    Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11073-5000;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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