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Naturally Occurring Contamination in the Mancos Shale

机译：Mancos页岩中自然发生的污染

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摘要

Some uranium mill tailings disposal cells were constructed on dark-gray shale of the Upper Cretaceous Mancos Shale. Shale of this formation contains contaminants similar to those in mill tailings. To establish the contributions derived from the Mancos, we sampled 51 locations in Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah. Many of the groundwater samples were saline with nitrate, selenium, and uranium concentrations commonly exceeding 250 000, 1000, and 200 μg/L, respectively. Higher concentrations were limited to groundwater associated with shale beds, but were not correlated with geographic area, stratigraphic position, or source of water. The elevated concentrations suggest that naturally occurring contamination should be considered when evaluating groundwater cleanup levels. At several locations, seep water was yellow or red, caused in part by dissolved organic carbon concentrations up to 280 mg/L. Most seeps had ~(234)U to ~(238)U activity ratios greater than 2, indicating preferential leaching of ~(234)U. Seeps were slightly enriched in ~(18)O relative to the meteoric water line, indicating limited evaporation. Conceptually, major ion chemical reactions are dominated by calcite dissolution following proton release from pyrite oxidation and subsequent exchange by calcium for sodium residing on clay mineral exchange sites. Contaminants are likely released from organic matter and mineral surfaces during weathering.
机译：在上白垩纪Mancos页岩的深灰色页岩上构造了一些铀矿尾矿处置单元。该地层的页岩所含污染物与工厂尾矿中的污染物相似。为了确定来自Mancos的贡献，我们在科罗拉多州，新墨西哥州和犹他州的51个地点进行了采样。许多地下水样品的盐水中硝酸盐，硒和铀的浓度通常分别超过250 000、1000和200μg/ L。较高的浓度仅限于与页岩床有关的地下水，但与地理区域，地层位置或水源无关。高浓度表明评估地下水净化水平时应考虑自然发生的污染。在几个位置，渗水呈黄色或红色，部分原因是溶解的有机碳浓度高达280 mg / L。大多数渗出物的〜（234）U与〜（238）U活性比大于2，表明〜（234）U优先浸出。相对于流水线，渗出液中的〜（18）O含量略有增加，表明蒸发受限。从概念上讲，主要的离子化学反应主要是由黄铁矿氧化释放的质子释放出方解石后，方解石溶解所致，随后钙被钙交换为粘土矿物交换位点上的钠。在风化过程中，污染物很可能从有机物和矿物表面释放出来。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2012年第3期|p.1379-1387|共9页
  • 作者

    Stan J. Morrison; Craig S. Goodknight; Aaron D. Tigar; Richard P. Bush; April Gil;

  • 作者单位

    Environmental Sciences Laboratory, 2597 Legacy Way, Grand Junction, Colorado 81503, United States, Operated by SM Stoller for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Legacy Management;

    Environmental Sciences Laboratory, 2597 Legacy Way, Grand Junction, Colorado 81503, United States, Operated by SM Stoller for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Legacy Management;

    Environmental Sciences Laboratory, 2597 Legacy Way, Grand Junction, Colorado 81503, United States, Operated by SM Stoller for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Legacy Management;

    U.S. Department of Energy Office of Legacy Management, 2597 Legacy Way, Grand Junction, Colorado 81503, United States;

    U.S. Department of Energy Office of Legacy Management, 2597 Legacy Way, Grand Junction, Colorado 81503, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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