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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Fate of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles during Anaerobic Digestion of Wastewater and Post-Treatment Processing of Sewage Sludge
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Fate of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles during Anaerobic Digestion of Wastewater and Post-Treatment Processing of Sewage Sludge

机译:废水厌氧消化及污泥处理后处理过程中氧化锌纳米颗粒的命运

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摘要

The rapid development and commercialization of nanomaterials will inevitably result in the release of nanoparticles (NPs) to the environment. As NPs often exhibit physical and chemical properties significantly different from those of their molecular or macrosize analogs, concern has been growing regarding their fate and toxicity in environmental compartments. The wastewater-sewage sludge pathway has been identified as a key release pathway leading to environmental exposure to NPs. In this study, we investigated the chemical transformation of two ZnO-NPs and one hydrophobic ZnO-NP commercial formulation (used in personal care products), during anaerobic digestion of wastewater. Changes in Zn speciation as a result of postprocessing of the sewage sludge, mimicking composting/stockpiling, were also assessed. The results indicated that "native" Zn and Zn added either as a soluble salt or as NPs was rapidly converted to sulfides in all treatments. The hydrophobicity of the commercial formulation retarded the conversion of ZnO-NP. However, at the end of the anaerobic digestion process and after postprocessing of the sewage sludge (which caused a significant change in Zn speciation), the speciation of Zn was similar across all treatments. This indicates that, at least for the material tested, the risk assessment of ZnO-NP through this exposure pathway can rely on the significant knowledge already available in regard to other "conventional" forms of Zn present in sewage sludge.
机译:纳米材料的快速发展和商业化将不可避免地导致纳米颗粒(NPs)向环境的释放。由于NP通常表现出与它们的分子或大分子类似物明显不同的物理和化学性质,因此人们越来越关注它们在环境区室中的命运和毒性。废水污泥途径已被确定为导致环境暴露于NP的关键释放途径。在这项研究中,我们调查了废水的厌氧消化过程中两种ZnO-NP和一种疏水性ZnO-NP商业配方(用于个人护理产品)的化学转化。还评估了由于污水污泥的后处理(模仿堆肥/储存)而导致的锌形态变化。结果表明,在所有处理中,“天然” Zn和以可溶性盐或NP形式添加的Zn均迅速转化为硫化物。商业制剂的疏水性阻碍了ZnO-NP的转化。但是,在厌氧消化过程结束时和污水污泥的后处理之后(导致锌形态发生显着变化),所有处理中锌的形态均相似。这表明,至少对于所测试的材料而言,通过该暴露途径对ZnO-NP的风险评估可以依赖于污水污泥中存在的其他“常规”形式的Zn的重要知识。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2012年第16期|p.9089-9096|共8页
  • 作者单位

    Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes Campus, South Australia 5095, Australia;

    Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes Campus, South Australia 5095, Australia,CRC CARE, PO Box 486, Salisbury, South Australia 5106, Australia;

    Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes Campus, South Australia 5095, Australia;

    Centre for Green Chemistry and Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia;

    Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes Campus, South Australia 5095, Australia,CRC CARE, PO Box 486, Salisbury, South Australia 5106, Australia;

    National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 5995 Centre Hill Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45224, United States;

    National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 5995 Centre Hill Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45224, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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