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Water Use at Pulverized Coal Power Plants with Postcombustion Carbon Capture and Storage

机译：燃烧后碳捕集与封存的粉煤电厂的用水

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摘要

Coal-fired power plants account for nearly 50% of U.S. electricity supply and about a third of U.S. emissions of CO_2, the major greenhouse gas (GHG) associated with global climate change. Thermal power plants also account for 39% of all freshwater withdrawals in the U.S. To reduce GHG emissions from coal-fired plants, postcombustion carbon capture and storage (CCS) systems are receiving considerable attention. Current commercial amine-based capture systems require water for cooling and other operations that add to power plant water requirements. This paper characterizes and quantifies water use at coal-burning power plants with and without CCS and investigates key parameters that influence water consumption. Analytical models are presented to quantify water use for major unit operations. Case study results show that, for power plants with conventional wet cooling towers, approximately 80% of total plant water withdrawals and 86% of plant water consumption is for cooling. The addition of an amine-based CCS system would approximately double the consumptive water use of the plant. Replacing wet towers with air-cooled condensers for dry cooling would reduce plant water use by about 80% (without CCS) to about 40% (with CCS). However, the cooling system capital cost would approximately triple, although costs are highly dependent on site-specific characteristics. The potential for water use reductions with CCS is explored via sensitivity analyses of plant efficiency and other key design parameters that affect water resource management for the electric power industry.
机译：燃煤电厂占美国电力供应的近50％，约占美国二氧化碳排放量的三分之一，二氧化碳是与全球气候变化有关的主要温室气体（GHG）。火力发电厂还占美国所有淡水取水量的39％。为减少燃煤电厂的温室气体排放，燃烧后碳捕集与封存（CCS）系统受到了广泛关注。当前的商业基于胺的捕集系统需要用于冷却和其他操作的水，这增加了电厂的水需求。本文对使用和不使用CCS的燃煤电厂的用水进行了表征和量化，并研究了影响用水量的关键参数。提出了分析模型以量化主要单元操作的用水量。案例研究结果表明，对于具有常规湿式冷却塔的发电厂，大约80％的工厂总取水量和86％的工厂耗水量用于冷却。添加基于胺的CCS系统将使工厂的耗水量大约增加一倍。用风冷冷凝器代替湿式塔进行干冷将使工厂用水量减少约80％（无CCS）至约40％（有CCS）。但是，冷却系统的投资成本大约是原来的三倍，尽管成本在很大程度上取决于特定地点的特性。通过对工厂效率的敏感性分析和其他影响电力行业水资源管理的关键设计参数，探索了CCS减少用水的潜力。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2011年第6期|p.2479-2485|共7页
  • 作者

    Haibo Zhai; Edward S. Rubin; Peter L. Versteeg;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States;

    Department of Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States;

    Department of Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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