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Stabilization of Plutonium Nano-Colloids by Epitaxial Distortion on Mineral Surfaces

机译：矿物表面上外延变形稳定P纳米胶体

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摘要

The subsurface migration of Pu may be enhanced by the presence of colloidal forms of Pu. Therefore, complete evaluation of the risk posed by subsurface Pu contamination needs to include a detailed physical/chemical understanding of Pu colloid formation and interactions of Pu colloids with environmentally relevant solid phases. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to characterize Pu nanocolloids and interactions of Pu nanocolloids with goethite and quartz. We report that intrinsic Pu nanocolloids generated in the absence of goethite or quartz were 2-5 nm in diameter, and both electron diffraction analysis and HRTEM confirm the expected Fm3m space group with the fee, PuO_2 structure. Plutonium nanocolloids formed on goethite have undergone a lattice distortion relative to the ideal fluorite-type structure, fee, P11O_2, resulting in the formation of a bec, Pu4O7 structure. This structural distortion results from an epitaxial growth of the plutonium colloid on goethite, leading to stronger binding of plutonium to goethite compared with other minerals such as quartz, where the distortion was not observed. This finding provides new insight for understanding how molecular-scale behavior at the mineral-water interface may facilitate transport of plutonium at the field scale.
机译：Pu的胶体形式的存在可增强Pu的表面下迁移。因此，对地下Pu污染造成的风险的完整评估需要包括对Pu胶体形成以及Pu胶体与环境相关固相相互作用的详细物理/化学理解。透射电子显微镜（TEM）用于表征Pu纳米胶体以及Pu纳米胶体与针铁矿和石英的相互作用。我们报告说，在没有针铁矿或石英的情况下生成的固有Pu纳米胶体的直径为2-5 nm，并且电子衍射分析和HRTEM都证实了预期的Fm3m空间群具有电荷PuO_2结构。针铁矿上形成的纳米胶体相对于理想的萤石型结构P11O_2经历了晶格畸变，导致形成bec Pu4O7结构。这种结构变形是由于go胶体在针铁矿上的外延生长导致的，与未观察到变形的其他矿物（如石英）相比，to与针铁矿的结合更牢固。这一发现为理解矿泉水界面的分子尺度行为如何促进facilitate在田间尺度上的迁移提供了新的见解。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2011年第7期|p.2698-2703|共6页
  • 作者

    Brian A. Powell; Zurong Dai; Mavrik Zavarin; Pihong Zhao; Annie B. Kersting;

  • 作者单位

    Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, 342 Computer Court, Anderson, South Carolina 29625,United States;

    Glenn T. Seaborg Institute, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue,Livermore, California 94550, United States;

    Glenn T. Seaborg Institute, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue,Livermore, California 94550, United States;

    Glenn T. Seaborg Institute, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue,Livermore, California 94550, United States;

    Glenn T. Seaborg Institute, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue,Livermore, California 94550, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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