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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Self-Sustaining Smoldering Combustion for NAPL Remediation: Laboratory Evaluation of Process Sensitivity to Key Parameters
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Self-Sustaining Smoldering Combustion for NAPL Remediation: Laboratory Evaluation of Process Sensitivity to Key Parameters

机译：用于NAPL修复的自持阴燃燃烧：对关键参数的工艺敏感性的实验室评估

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摘要

Smoldering combustion has been introduced recently as a potential remediation strategy for soil contaminated by nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs). Published proof-of-concept experiments demonstrated that the process can be self-sustaining (i.e., requires energy input only to start the process) and achieve essentially complete remediation of the contaminated soil. Those initial experiments indicated that the process may be applicable across a broad range of NAPLs and soils. This work presents the results of a series of bench-scale experiments that examine in detail the sensitivity of the process to a range of key parameters, including contaminant concentration, water saturation, soil type, and air flow rates for two contaminants, coal tar and crude oil. Smoldering combustion was observed to be self-sustaining in the range 28,400 to 142,000 mg/kg for coal tar and in the range 31,200 to 104,000 mg/kg for crude oil, for the base case air flux The process remained self-sustaining and achieved effective remediation across a range of initial water concentrations (0 to 177,000 mg/kg water) despite extended ignition times and decreased temperatures and velocities of the reaction front. The process also exhibited self-sustaining and effective remediation behavior across a range of fine to coarse sand grain sizes up to a threshold maximum value between 6 mm and 10 mm. Propagation velocity is observed to be highly dependent on air flux, and smoldering was observed to be self-sustaining down to an air Darcy flux of at least 0.5 cm/s for both contaminants. The extent of remediation in these cases was determined to be at least 99.5% and 99.9% for crude oil and coal tar, respectively. Moreover, no physical evidence of contamination was detected in the treatment zone for any case where a self-sustaining reaction was achieved. Lateral heat losses to the external environment were observed to significantly affect the smoldering process at the bench scale, suggesting that the field-scale lower bounds on concentration and air flux and upper bound on grain size were not achieved; larger scale experiments and field trials where lateral heat losses are much less significant are necessary to define these process limits for the purposes of field application. This work provides valuable design data for pilot field trials of both in situ and ex situ smoldering remediation applications.
机译：闷燃燃烧最近已被引入，作为一种潜在的对非水相液体（NAPLs）污染土壤的修复策略。已发表的概念验证实验表明，该过程可以自我维持（即仅需要能量输入即可启动该过程），并且可以对污染的土壤进行基本的修复。那些最初的实验表明，该过程可能适用于广泛的NAPL和土壤。这项工作提供了一系列台式实验的结果，这些实验详细检查了该过程对一系列关键参数的敏感性，包括污染物浓度，水饱和度，土壤类型以及两种污染物（煤焦油和空气）的空气流速。原油。在基本情况下，对于煤焦油，闷烧是自我维持的，范围为28,400至142,000 mg / kg，原油为31,200至104,000 mg / kg。尽管延长了引燃时间并降低了反应前沿的温度和速度，但仍可在一定范围的初始水浓度（0至177,000 mg / kg水）中进行修复。该工艺还可以在细砂至粗砂粒度范围内达到6mm至10mm的最大阈值时，表现出自我维持和有效的修复性能。观察到传播速度高度依赖于空气通量，并且对于两种污染物，闷烧均能自维持至至少0.5 cm / s的空气达西通量。在这些情况下，对原油和煤焦油的补救程度分别确定为至少99.5％和99.9％。此外，在实现自我维持反应的任何情况下，在处理区均未检测到污染的物理证据。观察到向外部环境的侧向热损失会在工作台规模上显着影响阴燃过程，这表明未实现田间规模的浓度和气流通量的下限以及晶粒尺寸的上限。为了现场应用的目的，有必要定义横向热损失不那么重要的大规模实验和现场试验。这项工作为现场和非现场闷烧修复应用的中试现场试验提供了宝贵的设计数据。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2011年第7期|p.2980-2986|共7页
  • 作者

    Paolo Pironi; Christine Switzer; Jason I. Gerhard; Guillermo Rein; Jose L. Torero;

  • 作者单位

    epartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada;

    Department of Civil Engineering, University of Strathdyde, Glasgow G4 ONG, United Kingdom;

    epartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada;

    Institute for Infrastructure and Environment, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, United Kingdom;

    Institute for Infrastructure and Environment, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, United Kingdom;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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