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Quantifying In-Use PM Measurements for Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicles

机译：量化重型柴油车辆的在用PM测量

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摘要

Heavy duty emissions regulations have recently expanded from the laboratory to include in-use requirements. This paradigm shift to in-use testing has forced the development of portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS) for particulate matter (PM). These PM measurements are not trivial for laboratory work, and are even more complex for in-use testing. This study evaluates five PM PEMS in comparison to UCR's mobile reference laboratory under in-use conditions. Three on-highway, heavy-duty trucks were selected to provide PM emissions levels from 0.1 to 0.0003 g/hp-h, with varying compositions of elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), and sulfate. The on-road driving courses included segments near sea level, at elevations up to 1500 m, and coastal and desert regions. The photoacoustic measurement PEMS performed best for the non-aftertreatment system (ATS)-equipped engine, where the PM was mostly EC, with a linear regression slope of 0.91 and an U2 of 0.95. The PEMS did not perform as well for the 2007 modified ATS equipped engines. The best performing PEMS showed a slope of 0.16 for the ATS-equipped engine with predominantly sulfate emissions and 0.89 for the ATS-equipped engine with predominantly OC emissions, with the next best slope at 0.45 for the predominantly OC engine.
机译：重型排放法规最近已从实验室扩展到包括使用中的要求。这种向使用中测试的范式转变已迫使开发用于颗粒物（PM）的便携式排放测量系统（PEMS）。这些PM测量对于实验室工作而言并非微不足道，对于使用中的测试而言则更为复杂。与使用中的UCR移动参考实验室相比，本研究评估了五个PM PEMS。选择了三辆公路重型卡车，其PM排放水平从0.1到0.0003 g / hp-h，具有不同的元素碳（EC），有机碳（OC）和硫酸盐组成。公路驾驶课程包括海平面附近，海拔高达1500 m的路段以及沿海和沙漠地区。光声测量PEMS在配备非后处理系统（ATS）的发动机上表现最佳，其中PM主要为EC，线性回归斜率为0.91，U2为0.95。对于2007年改装的装有ATS的发动机，PEMS的性能不佳。表现最佳的PEMS显示，配备ATS的发动机（主要是硫酸盐排放）的斜率是0.16，配备ATS的发动机（主要是OC排放物）的斜率是0.89，其次最佳坡度是主要的OC发动机，斜率是0.45。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2011年第14期|p.6073-6079|共7页
  • 作者

    Kent C.Johnson; Thomas D. Durbin; HeejungJung; David R. Cocker III; Dipak Bishnu; Robert Giannelli;

  • 作者单位

    Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside,California 92521, United States;

    Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside,California 92521, United States;

    Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside,California 92521, United States;

    Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside,California 92521, United States;

    California Air Resources Board (CARB), 1001 I Street, Sacramento, California 95814, United States;

    U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 2000 Traverwood Dr., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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