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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Environmental Impacts of Algae-Derived Biodiesel and Bioelectricity for Transportation
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Environmental Impacts of Algae-Derived Biodiesel and Bioelectricity for Transportation

机译：藻类生物柴油和生物电对运输的环境影响

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摘要

Algae are a widely touted source of bioenergy with high yields, appreciable lipid contents, and an ability to be cultivated on marginal land without directly competing with food crops. Nevertheless, recent work has suggested that large-scale deployment of algae bioenergy systems could have unexpectedly high environmental burdens. In this study, a "well-to-wheel" life cycle assessment was undertaken to evaluate algae's potential use as a transportation energy source for passenger vehicles. Four algae conversion pathways resulting in combinations of bioelectricity and biodiesel were assessed for several relevant nutrient procurement scenarios. Results suggest that algae-to-energy systems can be either net energy positive or negative depending on the specific combination of cultivation and conversion processes used. Conversion pathways involving direct combustion for bioelectricity production generally outperformed systems involving anaerobic digestion and biodiesel production, and they were found to generate four and fifteen times as many vehicle kilometers traveled (VKT) per hectare as switcngrass or canola, respectively. Despite this, algae systems exhibited mixed performance for environmental impacts (energy use, water use, and greenhouse gas emissions) on a "per km* basis relative to the benchmark crops. This suggests that both cultivation and conversion processes must be carefully considered to ensure the environmental viability of algae-to-energy processes.
机译：藻类是一种被广泛宣传的生物能源，产量高，脂质含量可观，并且能够在边际土地上种植而无需与粮食作物直接竞争。然而，最近的工作表明，藻类生物能源系统的大规模部署可能会带来意想不到的高环境负担。在这项研究中，进行了“全轮驱动”生命周期评估，以评估藻类作为乘用车运输能源的潜在用途。针对几种相关的养分获取方案，评估了导致生物电和生物柴油结合的四种藻类转化途径。结果表明，藻类-能量系统可以是正能量也可以是负能量，具体取决于所使用的栽培和转化过程的特定组合。涉及直接燃烧以生产生物电的转换路径通常要优于涉及厌氧消化和生物柴油生产的转换系统，发现它们每公顷产生的车辆行驶公里数（VKT）分别是草或双低油菜籽的四到十五倍。尽管如此，藻类系统对环境的影响（能源使用，水使用和温室气体排放）表现出相对于基准农作物“每公里*”的混合性能。这表明必须认真考虑栽培和转化过程，以确保藻类转化为能源过程的环境可行性。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2011年第17期|p.7554-7560|共7页
  • 作者

    Andres F. Clarens; Hagai Nassau; Eleazer P. Resurrection; Mark A White; Lisa M. Colosi;

  • 作者单位

    Civil and Environmental Engineering,University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904,United States;

    Civil and Environmental Engineering,University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904,United States;

    Civil and Environmental Engineering,University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904,United States;

    McIntire School of Commerce,University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904,United States;

    Civil and Environmental Engineering,University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904,United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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