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Sensitivity of Polar and Temperate Marine Organisms to Oil Components

机译：极地和温带海洋生物对石油成分的敏感性

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摘要

Potential contamination of polar regions due to increasing oil exploitation and transportation poses risks to marine species. Risk assessments for polar marine species or ecosystems are mostly based on toxicity data obtained for temperate species. Yet, it is unclear whether toxicity data of temperate organisms are representative for polar species and ecosystems. The present study compared sensitivities of polar and temperate marine species to crude oil, 2-methyl-naphthalene, and naphthalene. Species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) were constructed for polar and temperate species based on acute toxicity data from scientific literature, reports, and databases. Overall, there was a maximum factor of 3 difference in sensitivity to oil and oil components, based on the means of the toxicity data and the hazardous concentrations for 5 and 50% of the species (HC_5 and HC_(50)) as derived from the SSDs. Except for chordates and naphthalene, polar and temperate species sensitivities did not differ significantly. The results are interpreted in the light of physiological characteristics, such as metabolism, lipid fraction, lipid composition, antioxidant levels, and resistance to freezing, that have been suggested to influence the susceptibility of marine species to oil. As a consequence, acute toxicity data obtained for temperate organisms may serve to obtain a first indication of risks in polar regions.
机译：由于石油开发和运输的增加，极地地区的潜在污染给海洋物种带来了风险。极地海洋物种或生态系统的风险评估主要基于温带物种的毒性数据。但是，尚不清楚温带生物的毒性数据是否能代表极地物种和生态系统。本研究比较了极性和温带海洋物种对原油，2-甲基萘和萘的敏感性。根据科学文献，报告和数据库的急性毒性数据，为极地和温带物种建立了物种敏感度分布（SSD）。总体而言，根据毒性数据的平均值以及源自5种和50％物种（HC_5和HC_（50））的有害浓度和有害浓度的平均值，对油和油成分的敏感性最大差异为3。固态硬盘。除了碳酸盐和萘之外，极性和温带物质的敏感性没有显着差异。根据生理特征，例如代谢，脂质成分，脂质组成，抗氧化剂水平和抗冻性来解释结果，这些生理特征被认为会影响海洋物种对油的敏感性。结果，从温带生物获得的急性毒性数据可用于获得极地地区风险的第一个迹象。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2011年第20期|p.9017-9023|共7页
  • 作者

    Lisette de Hoop; Aafke M. Schipper; Rob S. E. W. Leuven; Mark A. J. Huijbregts; Gro H. Olsen; Mathijs G. D. Smit; A. Jan Hendriks;

  • 作者单位

    Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 9010,NL-6500 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;

    Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 9010,NL-6500 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;

    Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 9010,NL-6500 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;

    Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 9010,NL-6500 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;

    Akvaplan-niva, High North Research Centre for Climate and the Environment, 9296, Tromso, Norway;

    Statoil ASA, N-7005, Trondheim, Norway;

    Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Department of Environmental Science, P.O. Box 9010,NL-6500 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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