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Toxicity of Individual Naphthenic Acids to Vibrio fischeri

机译：环烷酸对费氏弧菌的毒性

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摘要

Numerous studies have suggested that the toxicity of organic compounds containing at least one carboxylic acid group and broadly classified as "naphthenic acids", is of environmental concern. For example, the acute toxicity of the more than 1 billion m3 of oil sands process-affected water and the hormonal activity of some offshore produced waters has been attributed to the acids. However, experimental evidence for the toxicity of the individual acids causing these effects has not been very forthcoming. Instead, most data have been gathered from assays of incompletely characterized extracts of the water, which may contain other toxic constituents. An alternative approach is to assay the individual identified toxicants. Since numerous petroleum-derived naphthenic acids and some in oil sands process water, have recently been identified, we were able to measure the toxicity of some individual acids to the bioluminescent bacterium, Vibrio fischeri. Thirty-five pure individual acids were either synthesized or purchased for this purpose. We also used the US EPA ECOSAR computer model to predict the toxicity of each acid to the water flea, Daphnia magna. Both are well-accepted toxicological screening end points. The results show how toxic some of the naphthenic acids really are (e.g, V. fischeri Effective Concentrations for 50% response (EC50) 0.004 to 0.7 mM) and reveal the influence of hydrophobicity and aqueous solubility on the tenacities. Comparison with measured toxicities of other known, but more minor, constituents of oil sands process water, such as polycyclk aromatic hydrocarbons and alkylphenols, helps place these toxicities into a wider context. Given the reported toxicological effects of naphthenic acids to other organisms (e.g, fish, plants), the toiicities of the acids to further end points should now be determined.
机译：大量研究表明，含有至少一个羧酸基团并被广泛归类为“环烷酸”的有机化合物的毒性与环境有关。例如，超过10亿立方米受油砂加工影响的水的急性毒性和某些近海采出水的激素活性已归因于这些酸。但是，关于引起这些作用的各种酸的毒性的实验证据还不是很清楚。取而代之的是，大多数数据是从对水提取物的特征进行了不完全表征而收集的，其中可能含有其他有毒成分。另一种方法是测定单个鉴定出的有毒物质。由于最近发现了许多石油衍生的环烷酸以及油砂工艺用水中的一些环烷酸，我们能够测量某些酸对生物发光细菌费氏弧菌的毒性。为此目的，合成或购买了35种纯净的单一酸。我们还使用了美国EPA ECOSAR计算机模型来预测每种酸对水蚤Daphnia magna的毒性。两者都是公认的毒理学筛选终点。结果显示了某些环烷酸的毒性（例如，费氏弧菌对50％响应的有效浓度（EC50）为0.004至0.7 mM），并揭示了疏水性和水溶性对韧性的影响。与油砂工艺用水中其他已知但更次要的毒性成分（如多环芳烃和烷基酚）的测定毒性进行比较，有助于将这些毒性置于更广泛的范围内。鉴于已报道的环烷酸对其他生物（例如鱼类，植物）的毒理作用，现在应确定该酸对其他终点的毒性。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2011年第22期|p.9776-9782|共7页
  • 作者

    David Jones; Alan G. Scarlett; Charles E. West; Steven J. Rowland;

  • 作者单位

    Petroleum and Environmental Geochemistry Group, Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus,Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom;

    Petroleum and Environmental Geochemistry Group, Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus,Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom;

    Petroleum and Environmental Geochemistry Group, Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus,Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom;

    Petroleum and Environmental Geochemistry Group, Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus,Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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