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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Therapeutic Levels of Levonorgestrel Detected in Blood Plasma of Fish: Results from Screening Rainbow Trout Exposed to Treated Sewage Effluents
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Therapeutic Levels of Levonorgestrel Detected in Blood Plasma of Fish: Results from Screening Rainbow Trout Exposed to Treated Sewage Effluents

机译：在鱼类血浆中检测到左炔诺孕酮的治疗水平：筛选暴露于经处理的污水的虹鳟鱼的结果

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摘要

Pharmaceuticals are found in surface waters worldwide, raising concerns about effects on aquatic organisms. Analyses of Pharmaceuticals in blood plasma of fish could provide means to assess risk for pharmacological effects, as these concentrations could be compared with available human therapeutic plasma levels. In this study we investigated if fish exposed to sewage effluents have plasma concentrations of Pharmaceuticals that are approaching human therapeutic levels. We also evaluated how well the bioconcentration of Pharmaceuticals into fish blood plasma can be predicted based on lipophilicity Rainbow trout were exposed to undiluted, treated sewage effluents at three sites in Sweden for 14 days. Levels of 25 Pharmaceuticals in blood plasma and effluents were analyzed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/ mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. The progestin pharmaceutical levonorgestrel was detected in fish blood plasma at concentrations 18.5-12 ng mL~(-1)), exceeding the human therapeutic plasma level. In total 16 Pharmaceuticals were detected in fish plasma at concentrations higher than 1/1000 of the human therapeutic plasma concentration. Twenty-one Pharmaceuticals were detected in either plasma or effluent, and 14 were detected in both compartments, allowing plasma bioconcentration factors to be determined. For 11 of these, theoretically calculated and experimentally measured values were in reasonably good agreement. However a few drugs, including levonorgestrel, did not bioconcentrate according to the screening model used. This study shows that rainbow trout exposed to sewage effluents have blood plasma levels of Pharmaceuticalsrnsimilar to human therapeutic concentrations, suggesting a risk for pharmacological effects in the fish. There is a particular concern about effects of progestin Pharmaceuticals. For levonorgestrel, the measured effluent level (1 ng/L) was higher than water levels shown to reduce the fertility of fish.
机译：在全世界的地表水中都发现了药品，这引起了人们对水生生物影响的担忧。鱼血浆中的药物分析可提供评估药理作用风险的手段，因为这些浓度可与可用的人类治疗性血浆水平进行比较。在这项研究中，我们调查了暴露于污水中的鱼的血浆血浆药物浓度是否接近人类的治疗水平。我们还根据亲脂性评估了虹鳟鱼在瑞典三个地点的未经稀释，处理过的污水中暴露14天的能力，从而可以很好地预测药物在鱼血浆中的生物浓度。用液相色谱-质谱/质谱和气相色谱-高分辨率质谱分析血浆和废水中25种药物的水平。在鱼血浆中检出的孕激素药物左炔诺孕酮浓度为18.5-12 ng mL〜（-1）），超过了人类治疗性血浆水平。在鱼血浆中总共检测到16种药物，其浓度高于人类治疗性血浆浓度的1/1000。在血浆或废水中检测到21种药品，在两个隔室中检测到14种药品，从而可以确定血浆生物浓缩因子。对于其中的11个，理论计算值和实验测量值相当吻合。但是，根据所用的筛选模型，包括左炔诺孕酮在内的一些药物并未生物富集。这项研究表明，暴露于污水中的虹鳟鱼的血浆血浆水平与人的治疗浓度相似，这表明该鱼类可能会遭受药理作用。孕激素药物的作用尤其令人担忧。对于左炔诺孕酮，测得的出水水平（1 ng / L）高于表明会降低鱼的繁殖力的水位。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2010年第7期|p.2661-2666|共6页
  • 作者

    JERKER FICK; RICHARD H. LINDBERG; JARI PARKKONEN; BJOERN ARVIDSSON; MATS TYSKLIND; D. G. JOAKIM LARSSON;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Chemistry, Umea University, SE-901 87 Umea, Sweden;

    rnDepartment of Chemistry, Umea University, SE-901 87 Umea, Sweden;

    rnDepartment of Zoology, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden;

    rnCRBN Defence and Security, Swedish Defence Research Agency, SE-901 82 Umei, Sweden;

    rnDepartment of Chemistry, Umea University, SE-901 87 Umea, Sweden;

    rnDepartment of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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