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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Ecological Risk Assessment of Pesticide Runoff from Grass Surfaces
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Ecological Risk Assessment of Pesticide Runoff from Grass Surfaces

机译：草表面农药径流的生态风险评估

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摘要

An ecological risk assessment was performed for runoff of 37 pesticides registered for use on grass surfaces (lawns and golf courses) in the U.S. The assessment was based on 100-yr simulations using TPQPond, a newly developed model of pesticide runoff and subsequent accumulation in a receiving pond. 0ne-in-10 yr pond concentrations were compared with acute toxicity end points for fish, invertebrates, and algae. Simulations were performed for pesticides applied at label rates on lawns, fairways, and greens using weather data for nine U.S. locations. Runoff of 4 of the 37 pesticides produced potential acute risk to invertebrates or fish. Two chemicals posed a comparable danger to plants. Risk was highest with fairways and lowest for greens. Locations with long growing seasons and large amounts of precipitation produced the highest risks. The risk assessment followed the general protocols recommended by USEPA, but with different models, weather data, and scenarios. In spite of the differences, the results confirmed that most but not all of the pesticides which had survived the USEPA registration process were also demonstrated safe, with respect to acute risks, by this independent assessment The five exceptions were explained by differences in models, simulation scenarios, and input data. These results do not mean that the studied pesticides are free of any ecological dangers. In particular, no attempt was made to evaluate chronic risk.
机译：对美国注册登记用于草皮表面（草坪和高尔夫球场）上的37种农药的径流进行了生态风险评估。该评估基于TPQPond的100年模拟，TPQPond是农药径流的最新开发模型，随后在土壤中积累。接收池。将10ne-in-10年池塘中的浓度与鱼类，无脊椎动物和藻类的急性毒性终点进行比较。使用美国9个地点的天气数据，对在草坪，球道和果岭上以标签比率施用的农药进行了模拟。 37种农药中的4种径流对无脊椎动物或鱼类产生了潜在的急性危险。两种化学物质对植物的危害相当。球道的风险最高，果岭的风险最低。生长季节长，降水量大的地区风险最高。风险评估遵循了USEPA建议的通用协议，但模型，天气数据和情景不同。尽管存在差异，但结果证实，通过这种独立评估，还证实了大多数但并非全部在USEPA注册过程中幸存的农药均具有安全性，可应对急性风险。五种例外情况是通过模型差异，模拟来解释的场景和输入数据。这些结果并不意味着所研究的农药没有任何生态危害。特别是，没有尝试评估慢性风险。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2010年第16期|p.6496-6502|共7页
  • 作者

    DOUGLAS A. HAITH;

  • 作者单位

    Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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