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Salmon Farms as a Source of Organohalogenated Contaminants in Wild Fish

机译：鲑鱼养殖场是野生鱼类中有机卤代污染物的来源

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摘要

Organohalogenated contaminants (OHCs), including orga-nochlorines (OCs; PCB, and OC-pesticides), brominated flame retardants (BFRs; polybrominated diphenyl ethers [PBDE], hexabromocyclododecane [HBCD]) and perfluorooctane suKonate (PFOS), were measured in livers of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and saithe (Pollachius virens) caught in the vicinity of salmon farms (n = 75) and control sites (n = 80) in three regions (59°-70°N) in Norway. Forty-five percent of the farm-associated (FA) fish (60% of the saithe and 30% of the cod) and none of the control fish had salmon feed (aquaculture food pellets) in their digestive tracts. Concentrations of OCs and BFRs were about 50% higher and dominated more by persistent compounds in Atlantic cod compared to saithe. After controlling for a set of confounding variables (location, sex, size, weight gonads size, hepatosomatic index, and % lipids in the liver), the concentrations of IOC and ∑BDE were 50% higher in FA cod compared to control fish, whereas they were 20% higher in FA saithe than control fish. Hence, salmon farms are a source of lipid-soluble OHCs to wild marine fish, but variation in life-history and habitat use seems to affect the levels of OHCs in the different fish species. In contrast to the lipid-soluble OHCs, control fish had 67% higher PFOS levels than FA fish, which suggests that natural food contains higher loads of this compound than the commercial feed used in salmon farms. Some OHCs are known to act as endocrine disruptors, thus further work is required to determine if OHCs negatively affect reproductive processes of wild fish associated with salmon farms.
机译：在肝脏中测量了有机卤化污染物（OHC），包括有机高氯酸盐（OCs; PCB和OC农药），溴化阻燃剂（BFR;多溴联苯醚[PBDE]，六溴环十二烷[HBCD]）和全氟辛烷酸苏酸酯（PFOS）。在挪威三个地区（59°-70°N）的鲑鱼养殖场（n = 75）和控制点（n = 80）附近捕获的大西洋鳕（Gadus morhua）和赛斯（Pollachius virens）。百分之四十五的与农场相关的鱼类（FA）的鱼（60％的木纤维和30％的鳕鱼），并且没有任何对照鱼的消化道中有鲑鱼饲料（水产食品颗粒）。与saithe相比，大西洋鳕鱼中OCs和BFRs的浓度高约50％，并以持久性化合物为主。在控制了一组混杂变量（位置，性别，大小，性腺重量大小，肝体指数和肝脏中的脂质百分比）后，FA鳕鱼中的IOC和∑BDE的浓度比对照鱼高50％，而它们在FA缝合中比对照鱼高20％。因此，鲑鱼养殖场是野生海鱼脂溶性OHC的来源，但是生活史和栖息地使用方式的变化似乎会影响不同鱼类中OHC的水平。与脂溶性OHC相比，对照鱼的全氟辛烷磺酸含量比FA鱼高67％，这表明天然食品比鲑鱼养殖场的商业饲料所含的这种化合物的含量更高。已知某些OHC会充当内分泌干扰物，因此需要进一步的工作来确定OHC是否会对与鲑鱼养殖场有关的野生鱼类的繁殖过程产生负面影响。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2010年第22期|p.8736-8743|共8页
  • 作者

    JAN OVE BUSTNES; ELISABETH LIE; DORTE HERZKE; TIM DEMPSTER; PAL ARNE BJ?RN; TORGEIR NYGARD; INGEBRIGT UGLEM;

  • 作者单位

    Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, The Polar Environmental Centre, N-9296 Tromso, Norway;

    National Veterinary Institute and Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 8156 Dep., N-0033 Oslo, Norway;

    Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Tungasletta 2, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway;

    Norwegian Institute for Air Research, The Polar Environmental Centre.N-9296 Tromso, Norway,SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture, 7465 Trondheim, Norway;

    Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia;

    Institute of Marine Research, Sykehusueien 23, NO-9019 Tromso, Norway;

    Institute of Marine Research, Sykehusueien 23, NO-9019 Tromso, Norway;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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