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Aircraft Hydrocarbon Emissions At Oakland International Airport

机译：奥克兰国际机场的飞机碳氢化合物排放量

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摘要

To help airports improve emission inventory data, speciated hydrocarbon emission indices have been measured from in-use commercial, airfreight, and general aviation aircraft at Oakland International Airport. The compounds reported here include formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, ethene, propene, and benzene. At idle, the magnitude of hydrocarbon emission indices was variable and reflected differences in engine technology, actual throttle setting, and ambienttemperature. Scaling the measured emission indices to the simultaneously measured formaldehyde (HCHO) emission index eliminated most of the observed variability. This result supports a uniform hydrocarbon emissions profile across engine types when the engine is operating near idle, which can greatly simplify how speciated hydrocarbons are handled in emission inventories. The magnitude of the measured hydrocarbon emission index observed in these measurements (ambienttemperature range 12-22 ℃) is a factor of 1.5-2.2 times larger than the certification benchmarks. Using estimates of operational fuel flow rates at idle, this analysis suggests that current emission inventories atthe temperatures encountered at this airport underestimate hydrocarbon emissions from the idle phase of operation by 16-45%.
机译：为了帮助机场改善排放清单数据，已从奥克兰国际机场的使用中的商用，空运和通用航空飞机测量了特定的碳氢化合物排放指数。此处报道的化合物包括甲醛，乙醛，乙烯，丙烯和苯。在怠速时，碳氢化合物排放指数的大小是可变的，反映了发动机技术，实际节气门设置和环境温度的差异。将测量的排放指数缩放到同时测量的甲醛（HCHO）排放指数可以消除大多数观察到的变异性。当发动机接近怠速运转时，此结果可支持所有发动机类型的均匀碳氢化合物排放曲线，这可以大大简化排放清单中特定碳氢化合物的处理方式。在这些测量中（环境温度范围12-22℃）观察到的所测碳氢化合物排放指数的大小是认证基准的1.5-2.2倍。使用闲置时的运行燃料流量估计值，该分析表明，在该机场遇到的温度下，当前的排放清单将闲置运行阶段的碳氢化合物排放量低估了16％至45％。

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