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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >High Surface Area Stainless Steel Brushes As Cathodes In Microbial Electrolysis Cells
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High Surface Area Stainless Steel Brushes As Cathodes In Microbial Electrolysis Cells

机译：高表面积不锈钢刷作为微生物电解池中的阴极

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摘要

Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) are an efficient technology for generating hydrogen gas from organic matter, but alternatives to precious metals are needed for cathode catalysts. We show here that high surface area stainless steel brush cathodes produce hydrogen at rates and efficiencies similar to those achieved with platinum-catalyzed carbon cloth cathodes in single-chamber MECs. Using a stainless steel brush cathode with a specific surface area of 810 m~2/m~3, hydrogen was produced at a rate of 1.7 ± 0.1 m~3-H_2/m~3-d (current density of 188 ± 10 A/m~3) at an applied voltage of 0.6 V. The energy efficiency relative to the electrical energy input was 221 ± 8%, and the overall energy efficiency was 78 ± 5% based on both electrical energy and substrate utilization. These values compare well to previous results obtained using platinum on flat carbon cathodes in a similar system. Reducing the cathode surface area by 75% decreased performance from 91 ± 3 A/m~3 to 78 ± 4 A/m~3. A brush cathode with graphite instead of stainless steel and a specific surface area of 4600 m~2/m~3 generated substantially less current (1.7 ± 0.0 A/m~3), and a flat stainless steel cathode (25 m~2/m~3) produced 64 ± 1 A/m~3, demonstrating that both the stainless steel and the large surface area contributed to high current densities. Linear sweep voltammetry showed that the stainless steel brush cathodes both reduced the overpotential needed for hydrogen evolution and exhibited a decrease in overpotential over time as a result of activation. These results demonstrate for the first time that hydrogen production can be achieved at rates comparable to those with precious metal catalysts in MECs without the need for expensive cathodes.
机译：微生物电解池（MEC）是一种由有机物产生氢气的有效技术，但阴极催化剂需要贵金属的替代品。我们在这里表明，高表面积的不锈钢电刷阴极产生的氢气的速率和效率与单腔MEC中铂催化的碳布阴极的速率和效率相似。使用比表面积为810 m〜2 / m〜3的不锈钢电刷阴极，氢气的生成速率为1.7±0.1 m〜3-H_2 / m〜3-d（电流密度为188±10 A / m〜3）在0.6 V的施加电压下。相对于电能输入的能量效率为221±8％，基于电能和基板利用率，总能量效率为78±5％。这些值与以前在类似系统中在平面碳阴极上使用铂获得的结果进行了很好的比较。将阴极表面积减少75％，会使性能从91±3 A / m〜3降低到78±4 A / m〜3。使用石墨代替不锈钢且比表面积为4600 m〜2 / m〜3的电刷阴极产生的电流要少得多（1.7±0.0 A / m〜3），而扁平不锈钢阴极（25 m〜2 / m〜3）产生64±1 A / m〜3，表明不锈钢和较大的表面积均有助于高电流密度。线性扫描伏安法表明，不锈钢刷阴极既减少了析氢所需的过电势，又由于活化而显示出过电势随时间的减少。这些结果首次证明，与MEC中使用贵金属催化剂的速率相比，无需昂贵的阴极即可实现制氢。

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