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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Concentrations And Emissions Of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers From U.s. Houses And Garages
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Concentrations And Emissions Of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers From U.s. Houses And Garages

机译：来自美国的多溴二苯醚的浓度和排放房屋和车库

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摘要

Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and other brominated flame retardants (BFRs) have been rapidly increasing in fish, birds, sediments, indoor environments, and humans, but emission sources and exposure pathways of these pollutants remain poorly understood. The many BFR-containing materials in buildings constitute a large reservoir of these compounds, and in-use releases from this reservoir may be a significant environmental source. To estimate in-use releases from building materials and contents in residences, we monitored 12 houses and garages in two seasons and combined measurements of BFRs in air and settled dust, air exchange rates, and other information in an approach that utilized the building as a "natural" test chamber. Results were scaled to provide a first estimate of aggregate emission rates from U.S. houses. PBDE releases total about 4 μg h~(-1) per house or 20 ng m~(-2) h~(-1), and U.S. houses and garages collectively release about 4100 kg y~(-1). Most of these releases are settled floor dust, but about 20% are released directly to the ambient environment via airborne vapor and paniculate matter. These screening-level estimates are subject to considerable uncertainty, but they have an advantage in that they reflect real world conditions based on mass balance calculations.
机译：在鱼类，鸟类，沉积物，室内环境和人类中，多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）和其他溴化阻燃剂（BFR）的浓度一直在迅速增加，但是对于这些污染物的排放源和暴露途径仍然知之甚少。建筑物中许多含BFR的材料构成了这些化合物的大型储存库，并且从该储存库中释放出的使用中的污染物可能是重要的环境来源。为了估算建筑材料和住宅中使用中的释放量，我们在两个季节中监控了12个房屋和车库，并结合了将空气中BFR和沉降尘埃，空气交换率以及其他信息的测量结果结合起来，将建筑物用作建筑物的一部分。 “自然”试验箱。对结果进行缩放以提供对美国房屋总排放率的初步估计。多溴二苯醚的释放量约为每个房屋约4μgh〜（-1）或20 ng m〜（-2）h〜（-1），而美国房屋和车库总计释放约4100 kg y〜（-1）。这些释放物中大部分是沉降的地板灰尘，但约有20％通过空气中的蒸气和颗粒物质直接释放到周围环境中。这些筛查水平的估计存在很大的不确定性，但是它们的优势在于，它们可以根据质量平衡计算来反映实际情况。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2009年第8期|2693-2700|共8页
  • 作者

    STUART A. BATTERMAN; SERGEI CHERNYAK; CHUNRONG JIA; CHRISTOPHER GODWIN; SIMONE CHARLES;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2029;

    Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2029;

    Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2029;

    Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2029;

    Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia 30460;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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